Extension of B-spline Material Point Method for unstructured triangular grids using Powell–Sabin splines

The Material Point Method (MPM) is a numerical technique that combines a fixed Eulerian background grid and Lagrangian point masses to simulate materials which undergo large deformations. Within the original MPM, discontinuous gradients of the piecewise-linear basis functions lead to the so-called grid-crossing errors when particles cross...

A High Order Material Point Method

The classical material point method (MPM) developed in the 90s is known for drawbacks which affect the quality of results. The movement of material points from one element to another leads to non-physical oscillations known as ‘grid crossing errors’. Furthermore, the use of material points as integration points renders a numerical quadrature...