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Penner, Francesca (author), Wall, Kathryn M. (author), Guan, Kathleen (author), Huang, Helen J. (author), Richardson, Lietsel (author), Dunbar, Angel S. (author), Groh, Ashley M. (author), Rutherford, Helena J.V. (author)Racial disparities in maternal health are alarming and persistent. Use of electroencephalography (EEG) and event-related potentials (ERPs) to understand the maternal brain can improve our knowledge of maternal health by providing insight into mechanisms underlying maternal well-being, including implications for child development. However,...journal article 2023
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Babu, A. (author), Ebrahimi, Amin (author), Wu, K. (author), Richardson, I.M. (author), Hermans, M.J.M. (author)Additive manufacturing offers a significant potential for producing metallic parts with distinctly localised microstructures and mechanical properties, commonly known as functional grading. While functional grading is generally accomplished through compositional variations or in-situ thermo-mechanical treatments, variation of process...journal article 2023
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Liang, X. (author), Bos, Cornelis (author), Hermans, M.J.M. (author), Richardson, I.M. (author)A cellular automata (CA) model has been developed for solidification simulation considering the kinetic undercooling at the interface. The state-of-the-art model incorporates a decentered growth algorithm to suppress the grid anisotropy and a generalized height function method to calculate the curvature accurately. To develop a CA model which...journal article 2023
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Ebrahimi, Amin (author), Sattari, Mohammad (author), Bremer, Scholte J.L. (author), Luckabauer, Martin (author), Römer, Gert-willem R.B.E. (author), Richardson, I.M. (author), Kleijn, C.R. (author), Hermans, M.J.M. (author)The absorptivity of a material is a major uncertainty in numerical simulations of laser welding and additive manufacturing, and its value is often calibrated through trial-and-error exercises. This adversely affects the capability of numerical simulations when predicting the process behaviour and can eventually hinder the exploitation of fully...journal article 2022
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Baccinelli, Walter (author), van der Burg, Sven (author), Richardson, Robin (author), Scheltinga, Bouke (author), Albers, N. (author), Smits, Djura (author), Geng, Cunliang (author), Brinkman, W.P. (author), Reenalda, Jasper (author)Smoking tobacco and physical inactivity are key preventable behavioural risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Computerised coaching systems can help individuals to modify risky behaviours, thereby preventing CVD. However, most reported eHealth or computerized coaching systems are hard to reuse in slightly different settings. To provide...conference paper 2022
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Richardson, Benjamin A. (author), Vardar, Y. (author), Wallraven, Christian (author), Kuchenbecker, Katherine J. (author)Whenever we touch a surface with our fingers, we perceive distinct tactile properties that are based on the underlying dynamics of the interaction. However, little is known about how the brain aggregates the sensory information from these dynamics to form abstract representations of textures. Earlier studies in surface perception all used...journal article 2022
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Jackson-Mills, George (author), Blight, A. (author), Barber, Andrew (author), Pickering, Andrew (author), Boyle, J.H. (author), kaddouh, Bilal (author), Richardson, Robert C. (author)Small inspection robots allow for the optimal exploration of environments and the collection of data from challenging areas, particularly where there may be small access points or tight and fragile surroundings. These robots can be custom-built for specific tasks, but the design and assembly process for this can be costly, both in resources and...journal article 2022
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Nguyen, T.L. (author), Blight, A. (author), Pickering, A. (author), Jackson-Mills, G. (author), Barber, A. R. (author), Boyle, J.H. (author), Richardson, R. (author), Dogar, M. (author), Cohen, N. (author)Despite recent advances in robotic technology, sewer pipe inspection is still limited to conventional approaches that use cable-tethered robots. Such commercially available tethered robots lack autonomy, and their operation must be manually controlled via their tethered cables. Consequently, they can only travel to a certain distance in pipe,...journal article 2022
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Norrish, John (author), Polden, Joseph (author), Richardson, I.M. (author)Additive manufacturing (AM) is now recognised as a viable alternative to processes such as casting, forging, and subtractive technologies such as machining. Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has emerged as a cost-effective AM approach for component fabrication and a considerable body of literature on the subject has become available over...review 2021
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Ebrahimi, Amin (author), Kleijn, C.R. (author), Hermans, M.J.M. (author), Richardson, I.M. (author)Internal flow behaviour and melt-pool surface oscillations during arc welding are complex and not yet fully understood. In the present work, high-fidelity numerical simulations are employed to describe the effects of welding position, sulphur concentration (60-300 ppm) and travel speed (1.25-5 mms-1) on molten metal flow dynamics in fully...journal article 2021
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Brooks, Laurence (author), Cannizzaro, Sara (author), Umbrello, S. (author), Bernstein, Michael J. (author), Richardson, Kathleen (author)Climate change may well be the most important issue of the 21st century and the world’s response, in the form of ‘Climate Engineering’, is therefore of equal pre-eminent importance. However, while there are technological challenges, there are equally just as important ethical challenges that these technologies also generate. Governments, funding...journal article 2021
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Ebrahimi, Amin (author), Babu, A. (author), Kleijn, C.R. (author), Hermans, M.J.M. (author), Richardson, I.M. (author)One of the challenges for development, qualification and optimisation of arc welding processes lies in characterising the complex melt-pool behaviour which exhibits highly non-linear responses to variations of process parameters. The present work presents a computational model to describe the melt-pool behaviour in root-pass gas metal arc...journal article 2021
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Fu, J. (author), Richardson, I.M. (author), Hermans, M.J.M. (author)Oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) Eurofer steel was laser welded using a short pulse duration and a designed pattern to minimise local heat accumulation. With a laser power of 2500 W and a duration of more than 3 ms, a full penetration can be obtained in a 1 mm thick plate. Material loss was observed in the fusion zone due to metal...journal article 2021
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Ebrahimi, Amin (author), Kleijn, C.R. (author), Richardson, I.M. (author)Development, optimisation and qualification of welding and additive manufacturing procedures to date have largely been undertaken on an experimental trial and error basis, which imposes significant costs. Numerical simulations are acknowledged as a promising alternative to experiments, and can improve the understanding of the complex process...journal article 2021
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Ebrahimi, Amin (author), Kleijn, C.R. (author), Richardson, I.M. (author)Molten metal melt pools are characterised by highly non-linear responses, which are very sensitive to imposed boundary conditions. Temporal and spatial variations in the energy flux distribution are often neglected in numerical simulations of melt pool behaviour. Additionally, thermo-physical properties of materials are commonly changed to...journal article 2021
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Fu, J. (author), Davis, T. P. (author), Kumar, A. (author), Richardson, I.M. (author), Hermans, M.J.M. (author)Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steels are leading candidates for structural materials in nuclear fission and fusion power plants. Understanding the nature of nano-oxide particles in ODS steels is vital for a better control of the microstructure and mechanical properties to further their applications. In this study, electron microscopy...journal article 2021
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Maljaars, J.M. (author), Richardson, Chris N. (author), Sime, Nathan (author)This paper introduces LEOPART, an add-on for the open-source finite element software library FENICS to seamlessly integrate Lagrangian particle functionality with (Eulerian) mesh-based finite element (FE) approaches. LEOPART- which is so much as to say: ‘Lagrangian–Eulerian on Particles’ - contains tools for efficient, accurate and scalable...journal article 2021
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Groen, D. (author), Arabnejad, H. (author), Jancauskas, V. (author), Edeling, W. N. (author), Jansson, F.R. (author), Richardson, R. A. (author), Lakhlili, J. (author), Veen, L. (author), Bosak, B. (author)We present the VECMA toolkit (VECMAtk), a flexible software environment for single and multiscale simulations that introduces directly applicable and reusable procedures for verification, validation (V&V), sensitivity analysis (SA) and uncertainty quantication (UQ). It enables users to verify key aspects of their applications,...journal article 2021
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Fu, J. (author), van Slingerland, J. (author), Brouwer, J.C. (author), Bliznuk, Vitaliy (author), Richardson, I.M. (author), Hermans, M.J.M. (author)Pulsed laser beam welding was used successfully to join the oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) Eurofer steel. The joining was conducted with a laser power of 2500 W and a pulsed duration of 4 ms. With the filler material being used, a minor material loss and microvoids were observed in the joint. The microstructure of the fusion zone...journal article 2020
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Fu, J. (author), Brouwer, J.C. (author), Hendrikx, R.W.A. (author), Richardson, I.M. (author), Hermans, M.J.M. (author)The present work deals with oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) Eurofer steel fabricated by powder metallurgy involving mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. A heat treatment route including normalising and tempering was applied to the as-produced steel, based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement. The...journal article 2020