Emerging themes and future directions in watershed resilience research

A review of ecological, social, engineering, and integrative approaches to define and apply resilience thinking is presented and comparatively discussed in the context of watershed management. Knowledge gaps are identified through an assessment of this literature and compilation of a set of research questions through stakeholder engagement...

First demonstration of l-band high-power limiter with gan schottky barrier diodes (Sbds) based on steep-mesa technology

Gallium nitride (GaN) has attracted increased attention because of superior material properties, such as high electron saturation velocity and high electrical field strength, which are promising for high-power microwave applications. We report on a high-performance vertical GaN-based Schottky barrier diode (SBD) and its demonstration in a...

Low Leakage and High Forward Current Density Quasi-Vertical GaN Schottky Barrier Diode With Post-Mesa Nitridation

In this brief, a high-performance quasi-vertical GaN Schottky barrier diode (SBD) on sapphire substrate with post-mesa nitridation process is reported, featuring a low damaged sidewall with extremely low leakage current. The fabricated SBD with a drift layer of 1 μm has achieved a very high ON/OFF current ratio (Iscriptscriptstyle ON...

High-power and broadband microwave detection with a quasi-vertical GaN Schottky barrier diode by novel post-mesa nitridation

We report a high-performance GaN Schottky barrier diode (SBD) on a sapphire substrate with a novel post-mesa nitridation technique and its application in a high-power microwave detection circuit. The fabricated SBD achieved a very high forward current density of 9.19 kA cm-2 at 3 V, a low specific on-resistance (RON,sp) of 0.22 mO cm2 and...

Multiple rereads of single proteins at single-amino acid resolution using nanopores

A proteomics tool capable of identifying single proteins would be important for cell biology research and applications. Here, we demonstrate a nanopore-based single-molecule peptide reader sensitive to single-amino acid substitutions within individual peptides. A DNA-peptide conjugate was pulled through the biological nanopore MspA by the DNA...

Optimization of mesa etch for a quasi-vertical gan schottky barrier diode (Sbd) by inductively coupled plasma (icp) and device characteristics

The optimization of mesa etch for a quasi-vertical gallium nitride (GaN) Schottky barrier diode (SBD) by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching was comprehensively investigated in this work, including selection of the etching mask, ICP power, radio frequency (RF) power, ratio of mixed gas, flow rate, and chamber pressure, etc. In particular...

Interface chemistry of an amide electrolyte for highly reversible lithium metal batteries

Metallic lithium is a promising anode to increase the energy density of rechargeable lithium batteries. Despite extensive efforts, detrimental reactivity of lithium metal with electrolytes and uncontrolled dendrite growth remain challenging interconnected issues hindering highly reversible Li-metal batteries. Herein, we report a rationally...

Review of the recent progress on GaN-based vertical power Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs)

Gallium nitride (GaN)-based vertical power Schottky barrier diode (SBD) has demonstrated outstanding features in high-frequency and high-power applications. This paper reviews recent progress on GaN-based vertical power SBDs, including the following sections. First, the benchmark for GaN vertical SBDs with different substrates (Si, sapphire, and...

Current and future trends in topology optimization for additive manufacturing

Manufacturing-oriented topology optimization has been extensively studied the past two decades, in particular for the conventional manufacturing methods, for example, machining and injection molding or casting. Both design and manufacturing engineers have benefited from these efforts because of the close-to-optimal and friendly-to-manufacture...

A Facile Surface Reconstruction Mechanism toward Better Electrochemical Performance of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ in Lithium-Ion Battery

Through a facile sodium sulfide (Na₂S)-assisted hydrothermal treatment, clean and nondefective surfaces are constructed on micrometer-sized Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ particles. The remarkable improvement of surface quality shows a higher first cycle Coulombic efficiency (≈95%), a significantly enhanced cycling...

CGILS: Results from the first phase of an international project to understand the physical mechanisms of low cloud feedbacks in single column models

CGILS—the CFMIP-GASS Intercomparison of Large Eddy Models (LESs) and single column models (SCMs)—investigates the mechanisms of cloud feedback in SCMs and LESs under idealized climate change perturbation. This paper describes the CGILS results from 15 SCMs and 8 LES models. Three cloud regimes over the subtropical oceans are studied: shallow...

Cryogenic suction pump mechanism for combined salt-and frost exposure

Freezing of water can be explained by the thermodynamic properties of the water due to the influence of temperature, pressure and special effects such as surface tension and salt solution. Gibbs free energy curves for ice and pore liquid containing different concentrations of NaCl (0-6%) are presented. These curves explain the onset of freezing...