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Brandetti, L. (author), Mulders, S.P. (author), Liu, Y. (author), Watson, S.J. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)The combined wind speed estimator and tip-speed ratio (WSE–TSR) tracking wind turbine control scheme has seen recent and increased traction from the wind industry. The modern control scheme provides a flexible trade-off between power and load objectives. On the other hand, the Kω2 controller is often used based on its simplicity and steady-state...journal article 2023
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Mulders, S.P. (author), Liu, Y. (author), Spagnolo, Fabio (author), Christensen, P.B. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Modern industrial wind turbine controllers for partial-load region control are becoming increasingly complex by progressively relying on modeled aerodynamic characteristics. These advanced turbine controllers generally consist of a combined wind speed estimator and tracking controller, allowing for a granular trade-off between energy capture...journal article 2023
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Feng, Z. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author), Liu, Y. (author)Wind turbines may experience local weather perturbation, which is not taken into account by the commonly-used wind turbine simulation packages. Without this information, it is extremely challenging to evaluate the controller performance with regard to the effect of the variation of local atmospheric conditions. On the other side, it is too...conference paper 2023
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Pamososuryo, A.K. (author), Liu, Y. (author), Gybel Hovgaard, Tobias (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Economic model predictive control (EMPC) has received increasing attention in the wind energy community due to its ability to trade-off economic objectives with ease. However, for wind turbine applications, inherent nonlinearities, such as from aerodynamics, pose difficulties in attaining a convex optimal control problem (OCP), by which real...journal article 2023
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Mulders, S.P. (author), Brandetti, L. (author), Spagnolo, F. (author), Liu, Y. (author), Christensen, P.B. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Wind turbine partial-load controllers have evolved from simple static nonlinear function implementations to more advanced dynamic controller structures. Such dynamic control schemes have the potential to improve power production performance in realistic environmental conditions and allow for a more granular trade-off between loads and energy...conference paper 2023
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Liu, Y. (author), Pamososuryo, A.K. (author), Mulders, S.P. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)The estimation of the rotor effective wind speed is used in modern wind turbines to provide advanced power and load control capabilities. However, with the ever increasing rotor sizes, the wind field over the rotor surface shows a higher degree of spatial variation. A single effective wind speed estimation therefore limits the attainable...journal article 2022
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Liu, Y. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Individual pitch control (IPC) is a well-known approach to reduce blade loads on wind turbines. Although very effective, IPC usually requires high levels of actuator activities, which significantly increases the pitch actuator duty cycle (ADC). This will subsequently result in an increase of the wear on the bearings of the blades and a decrease...journal article 2022
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Liu, Y. (author), Pamososuryo, A.K. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)The Immersion and Invariance (II) wind speed estimator is a powerful and widely-used technique to estimate the rotor effective wind speed on horizontal axis wind turbines. Anyway, its global convergence proof is rather cumbersome, which hinders the extension of the method and proof to time-delayed and/or uncertain systems. In this letter, we...journal article 2022
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Brandetti, L. (author), Liu, Y. (author), Mulders, S.P. (author), Ferreira, Carlos (author), Watson, S.J. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)In recent years, industrial controllers for modern wind turbines have been designed as a combined wind speed estimator and tip-speed ratio (WSE-TSR) tracking control scheme. In contrast to the conventional and widely used Kω 2 torque control strategy, the WSE-TSR scheme provides flexibility in terms of controller responsiveness and...journal article 2022
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Pamososuryo, A.K. (author), Liu, Y. (author), Hovgaard, T. G. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)The wind turbine side-side tower motion is known to be lightly damped. One viable active damping solution is realized by deploying individual pitch control (IPC) such that counteracting blade forces are created to alleviate the tower fatigue loading caused by this motion. Existing IPC methods for side-side tower damping in the literature,...journal article 2022
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Feng, Z. (author), Gallo, A.J. (author), Liu, Y. (author), Pamososuryo, A.K. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)The current trend in the evolution of wind turbines is to increase their rotor size in order to capture more power. This leads to taller, slender and more flexible towers, which thus experience higher dynamical loads due to the turbine rotation and environmental factors. It is hence compelling to deploy advanced control methods that can...conference paper 2022
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Wu, P. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), Liu, Y. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Incipient fault detection plays a crucial role in preventing the occurrence of serious faults or failures in industrial processes. In most industrial processes, linear, and nonlinear relationships coexist. To improve fault detection performance, both linear and nonlinear features should be considered simultaneously. In this article, a novel...journal article 2021
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Wu, Ping (author), Liu, Y. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Over the past decades, Floating Offshore Wind Turbine (FOWT) has gained increasing attention in wind engineering due to the rapidly growing energy demands. However, difficulties in turbine maintenance will increase due to the harsh operational conditions. Fault diagnosis techniques play a crucial role to enhance the reliability of FOWTs and...journal article 2021
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Liu, Y. (author), Frederik, J.A. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), Wu, P. (author), Li, Sunwei (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Individual pitch control (IPC) is an effective and widely used strategy to mitigate blade loads in wind turbines. However, conventional IPC fails to cope with blade and actuator faults, and this situation may lead to an emergency shutdown and increased maintenance costs. In this paper, a fault-tolerant individual pitch control (FTIPC) scheme...journal article 2021
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Liu, Y. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Individual Pitch Control (IPC) is an effective control strategy to mitigate the blade loads on large-scale wind turbines. Since IPC usually requires high pitch actuation, the safety constraints of the pitch actuator should be taken into account when designing the controller. This paper introduces a constrained Subspace Predictive Repetitive...conference paper 2021
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Liu, Y. (author), Pamososuryo, A.K. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), Hovgaard, Tobias Gybel (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Modern wind turbine control algorithms typically utilize rotor effective wind speed measured from an anemometer on the turbine’s nacelle. Unfortunately, the measured wind speed from such a single measurement point does not give a good representation of the effective wind speed over the blades, as it does not take the varying wind condition...conference paper 2021
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Liu, Y. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), Wu, Ping (author), Jiang, X. (author), Li, Sunwei (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWTs) operate in the harsh marine environment with limited accessibility and maintainability. Not only failures are more likely to occur than in land-based turbines, but also corrective maintenance is more expensive. In the present study, a mixed model and signal-based Fault Diagnosis (FD) architecture is...journal article 2021
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Liu, Y. (author), Frederik, J.A. (author), Fontanella, A. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Individual Pitch Control (IPC) is a well-known and, in normal operating conditions, effective approach to alleviate blade loads in wind turbines. However, in the case of a Pitch Actuator Stuck (PAS) type of fault, conventional IPC is not beneficial since its action is disturbed by the failed pitch actuator. In this paper, a Subspace...conference paper 2020
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Liu, Y. (author), Fontanella, A. (author), Wu, P. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWTs) are more prone to suffer from faults and failures than bottom-fixed counterparts due to the severe wind and wave loads typical of deep water sites. In particular, mooring line faults may lead to unacceptably high operation and maintenance costs due to the limited accessibility of FOWTs. Detecting the...journal article 2020
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Fontanella, A. (author), Al, M. (author), van der Hoek, D.C. (author), Liu, Y. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author), Belloli, M. (author)The design of control strategies for floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) is even more difficult than for onshore and bottom-fixed offshore ones and a recognized control strategy for FOWTs is currently lacking. In order to design effective control strategies, the additional dynamics of these systems should be taken into account in the...journal article 2020
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