Quantification and mitigation of byproduct formation by low-glycerol-producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains containing Calvin-cycle enzymes

Background: Anaerobic Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultures require glycerol formation to re-oxidize NADH formed in biosynthetic processes. Introduction of the Calvin-cycle enzymes phosphoribulokinase (PRK) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) has been shown to couple re-oxidation of biosynthetic NADH to ethanol...

A squalene-hopene cyclase in Schizosaccharomyces japonicus represents a eukaryotic adaptation to sterol-limited anaerobic environments

Biosynthesis of sterols, which are key constituents of canonical eukaryotic membranes, requiresmolecular oxygen. Anaerobic protists and deep-branching anaerobic fungi are the only eukaryotes in which a mechanism for sterol-independent growth has been elucidated. In these organisms, tetrahymanol, formed through oxygen-independent cyclization...