Discerning small time-lapse traveltime changes by isolating the seismic response of a reservoir using the Marchenko method

4D seismic studies aim to observe time-lapse changes in the subsurface between a baseline and a monitor study. These changes are generally small, and the seismic response from a deep reservoir can be concealed by reflections from shallow structures. Here, we introduce a novel way of isolating the reservoir response by means of the Marchenko...

Marchenko-Based Target Replacement, Accounting for All Orders of Multiple Reflections

In seismic monitoring, one is usually interested in the response of a changing target zone, embedded in a static inhomogeneous medium. We introduce an efficient method that predicts reflection responses at the Earth's surface for different target-zone scenarios, from a single reflection response at the surface and a model of the changing...

New method for discriminating 4D time shifts in the overburden and reservoirr

Understanding seismic changes in the subsurface is important for reservoir management and health, safety and environmental (HSE) issues. Typically the changes are interpreted based on the time shifts in seismic time-lapse (4D) data, where sources are at the surface and receivers are either at the surface or in a borehole. With these types of...