Material Property Changes in Defects Caused by Reverse Bias Exposure of CIGS Solar Cells

Partial shading of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ modules can lead to the formation of reverse bias induced wormlike defects. These wormlike defects act as local shunts and permanently decrease module output. A good understanding of the formation and propagation mechanisms of these defects is needed in order to mitigate the negative effects, or to...