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Tan, R.E. (author)
An understanding of cities as open systems whose agents act on them simultaneously from below and above, influencing urban processes by their interaction with them and with each other, is replacing the simplistic debate on urban participation which asks whether cities should be organized bottom-up or top-down. This conceptualization of cities as...
doctoral thesis 2014
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Van der Hoeven, F.D. (author), Brand, N. (author), Van der Burg, L. (author), Çal??kan, O. (author), Tan, E.R. (author), Wang, C.Y. (author), Zhou, J. (author)
To ensure the quality of the Ph.D. research the Department introduced a special procedure for periodic evaluation: after a period of nine months the potential Ph.D. candidates are asked to present their research design, theoretical framework and methodological approach to the members of the Department and to an external review, drawn up by the...
book 2009