Overcoming Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia Detection Challenges: The Case for Leapfrogging to Gas Diffusion Electrode Platforms

The nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a promising pathway toward the decarbonization of ammonia (NH3) production. However, unless practical challenges related to the detection of NH3 are removed, confidence in published data and experimental throughput will remain low for experiments in aqueous electrolyte. In this perspective, we analyze...

Electrochemical CO₂ reduction in membrane-electrode assemblies

Electrochemical conversion of gaseous CO₂ to value-added products and fuels is a promising approach to achieve net-zero CO₂ emission energy systems. Significant efforts have been achieved in the design and synthesis of highly active and selective electrocatalysts for this reaction and their reaction mechanism. To perform...

Advancing integrated CO₂ electrochemical conversion with amine-based CO₂ capture: a review

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) electrolysis is a promising route to utilise captured CO₂ as a building block to produce valuable feedstocks and fuels such as carbon monoxide and ethylene. Very recently, CO₂ electrolysis has been proposed as an alternative process to replace the amine recovery unit of the commercially...

The role of electrode wettability in electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂RR) requires access to ample gaseous CO₂and liquid water to fuel reactions at high current densities for industrial-scale applications. Substantial improvement of the CO₂RR rate has largely arisen from positioning the catalyst close to gas-liquid interfaces,...

Microbial Electrosynthesis: Where Do We Go from Here?

The valorization of CO₂ to valuable products via microbial electrosynthesis (MES) is a technology transcending the disciplines of microbiology, (electro)chemistry, and engineering, bringing opportunities and challenges. As the field looks to the future, further emphasis is expected to be placed on engineering efficient reactors for...

Electrochemical CO₂ reduction on nanostructured metal electrodes: Fact or defect?

Electrochemical CO₂ reduction has received an increased amount of interest in the last decade as a promising avenue for storing renewable electricity in chemical bonds. Despite considerable progress on catalyst performance using nanostructured electrodes, the sensitivity of the reaction to process conditions has led to debate on...

Introductory Guide to Assembling and Operating Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Electrochemical CO ₂ Reduction

Pathways to Industrial-Scale Fuel Out of Thin Air from CO₂ Electrolysis

Using renewable energy as an input, Power-to-X technologies have the potential to replace fossil fuels and chemicals with dense-energy carriers that are instead derived out of thin air. In this work, we put into context what the industrial-scale production of chemicals from ambient CO₂ using CO₂ electrolysis means in...