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Lu, G. (author), Fan, Xuejun (author), Fan, Jiajie (author), Zhang, Kouchi (author)Color stability is of major concern for LED-based products. Currently, much effort is done on lumen maintenance, and for color shift, no agreed method currently exists, be it from testing or from prediction side. To investigate the physics of color shift, we present experiments of each individual part failure of each individual part that are...book chapter 2018
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Kamp, L.M. (author), Ortt, J.R. (author), Doe, Matthew F. A. (author)Kite-based airborne wind energy systems are new high-tech systems that provide sustainable wind energy. Instead of using a wind turbine, these systems use a kite to generate energy. Commercializing such new high-tech systems is a risky strategy, the failure rate is high. This chapter identifies barriers that block large-scale diffusion of kite...book chapter 2018
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Mulder, K.F. (author)The ‘Grand Challenges’ of our times, like climate change, resource depletion, global inequity and the destruction of wildlife and biodiversity can only be addressed by innovating cities. This paper will analyse major options for innovating cities, main barriers for these innovations that are rooted in the paradigms of the experts running urban...book chapter 2018
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Sun, B (author), Fan, Xuejun (author), Zhang, Kouchi (author)This chapter investigates the reliability of the integrated LED lamps with electrolytic capacitor-less LED drivers. Firstly, the impact of the interaction between the degradations of the LED light source and the driver on the lumen depreciation is studied. The electronic-thermal simulation was carried out to obtain the history of temperatures of...book chapter 2018
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Vancauwenberghe, G. (author), van Loenen, B. (author)In the past 20 years, European public authorities have invested considerable resources in the development of spatial data infrastructures. With the European INSPIRE Directive as an important driver, national spatial data infrastructures were developed throughout Europe to facilitate and coordinate the exchange and sharing of geographic data....book chapter 2018
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Schuld, M. (author), Jacobs, B. (author)Commercial claims for LED-based products in terms of lumen maintenance are fully based on TM-21 extrapolations using LM-80 data. This chapter indicates that there may be a risk in doing this as TM-21 only relies on the behavior of the average LED degradation, instead of taking into account the degradation of all individual LEDs. Therefore, we...book chapter 2018
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Charalabidis, Yannis (author), Zuiderwijk-van Eijk, A.M.G. (author), Alexopoulos, Charalampos (author), Janssen, M.F.W.H.A. (author), Lampoltshammer, Thomas (author), Ferro, Enrico (author)Governments create and collect enormous amounts of data, for instance concerning voting results, transport, energy, education, and employment. These datasets are often stored in an archive that is not accessible for others than the organization’s employees. To attain benefits such as transparency, engagement, and innovation, many governmental...book chapter 2018
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Schenkelaars, D. (author), Duijve, R. (author)Traditional lighting is focused on the prevention of hardware failures. With the trend toward controlled and connected systems, other components will start playing an equal role in the reliability of it. Here reliability need to be replaced by availability, and other modeling approaches are to be taken into account. Software reliability can only...book chapter 2018
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- Huang, Yilin (author), Poderi, Giacomo (author), Scepanovic, S. (author), Hasselqvist, Hanna (author), Warnier, Martijn (author), Brazier, F.M. (author) book chapter 2018
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- van Wee, G.P. (author) book chapter 2018
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Yazdan Mehr, M. (author), van Driel, W.D. (author), Zhang, Kouchi (author)Lumen depreciation is one of the major failure modes in light-emitting diode (LED) systems. It originates from the degradation of the different components within the system, including the chip, the driver, and the optical materials (i.e., phosphorous layer). The kinetics of degradation in real-life applications is relatively slow, and in most...book chapter 2018
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Jacobs, B.J.C. (author), van der Marel, C. (author), Lu, S.J. (author), Li, X.P. (author)The penetration of solid state lighting applications is due to the promise of a low-cost reliable solution by means of application of low- and mid-power LEDs. These LED packages are manufactured by making use of new processes and materials which in principle introduces a series of known and unknown failure modes. Corrosion is a specific failure...book chapter 2018
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Gonen, B. (author), van Veldhoven, Robert (author), Sebastiano, F. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)This paper presents a dynamic zoom ADC for audio applications. It achieves 109-dB DR, 106-dB SNR, and 103-dB SNDR in a 20-kHz bandwidth, while dissipating 1.12 mW and occupying only 0.16 mm2 in 0.16-μm CMOS. This translates to state-of-the-art energy and area efficiency. In this paper, the system- and circuit-level design of the ADC will be...book chapter 2018
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Charalabidis, Yannis (author), Zuiderwijk-van Eijk, A.M.G. (author), Alexopoulos, Charalampos (author), Janssen, M.F.W.H.A. (author), Lampoltshammer, Thomas (author), Ferro, Enrico (author)Evaluation of Open Data is a systematic determination of open data merit, worth and significance, using criteria governed by a set of standards (Farbey, Land, & Targett, 1999). It is an essential procedure trying to ignite a learning and innovation process leading to a more effective data exploitation. Examples of questions to be answered...book chapter 2018
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Rozendaal, M.C. (author), Ghajargar, Maliheh (author), Pasman, G.J. (author), Wiberg, Mikael (author)Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently been highlighted as a design material in the HCI community. This acknowledgement is a call for interaction designers to consider intelligence as a resource for design. While this view is valid and well-grounded, it brings with it a need to better understand how intelligence as a design material can be...book chapter 2018
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Charalabidis, Yannis (author), Zuiderwijk-van Eijk, A.M.G. (author), Alexopoulos, Charalampos (author), Janssen, M.F.W.H.A. (author), Lampoltshammer, Thomas (author), Ferro, Enrico (author)Semantic technologies enable open data interoperability beyond the point of pure format and structure alignment.book chapter 2018
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Charalabidis, Yannis (author), Zuiderwijk-van Eijk, A.M.G. (author), Alexopoulos, Charalampos (author), Janssen, M.F.W.H.A. (author), Lampoltshammer, Thomas (author), Ferro, Enrico (author)The concept of open data itself is strongly associated with innovative capacity and transformative power (Davies, Perini, & Alonso, 2013). It is increasingly recognized that proactively opening public data can create considerable benefits for several stakeholders, such as firms and individuals interested in the development of value added...book chapter 2018
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Vos, T. (author), den Breeijen, P. (author), van Driel, W.D. (author)In the past 4 years we have witnessed a change in quality and reliability to make the marked introduction of solid-state lighting (SSL) successful. LED penetration levels have reached values of 10–30%, depending on the application. The number and variety of LED packages and, thus, associated LED-based products, have significantly increased in...book chapter 2018
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Vezzoli, Carlo (author), Ceschin, Fabrizio (author), Osanjo, Lilac (author), M’Rithaa, Mugendi K. (author), Moalosi, Richie (author), Nakazibwe, Venny (author), Diehl, J.C. (author)Historically, the reaction of humankind to environmental degradation, especially since the second half of the last century, has moved from an end-of-pipe approach to actions increasingly aimed at prevention.book chapter 2018
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Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), Biljecki, F. (author), Kumar, Kavisha (author), Ledoux, H. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)CityGML is the most important international standard used to model cities and landscapes in 3D with extensive semantics. Compared to BIM standards such as IFC, CityGML models are usually less detailed but they cover a much greater spatial extent. They are also available in any of five standardized levels of detail. CityGML serves as an exchange...book chapter 2018