From Pollutant to Fuel. A proof of principle for electricity production using nitrogen from sewage as a fuel

The necessary removal of organically bound nitrogen and ammonium from sewage conventionally requires energy for aeration and reduces the potential biogas production in the following anaerobic stage due to the required carbon source for de-nitrification. It has recently been demonstrated that fuel cells can generate electricity, using ammonia as...

Stability of a Crown Wall on a Breakwater: A refinement of existing design formulae

This thesis investigates the stability of a crown wall situated above SWL (Still Water Level) on top of a rubble mound breakwater. Crown walls are concrete super structures implemented commonly to provide a flat surface for pipelines and to make the breakwater accessible for vehicles. The vertical distance between SWL and the bottom of the crown...

Experimental research on spatial distribution of overtopping

The overtopping empirical formulas calculate the discharge only at the top of the crest of a coastal protection structure. On the other hand, the tolerable overtopping discharges are defined at certain points behind the crest where the total overtopping is reduced. The scope of this thesis is to find an empirical formula to describe the...

Spatial distribution of wave overtopping

The goal of this master thesis is to describe the spatial distribution of the wave overtopping discharge over and behind the crest of a coastal defence structure. The influence of the most relevant parameters on this process is explored. This research has been performed by means of a physical model. The following relevant parameters were varied...

Open filters in breakwaters with a sand core: Study into the stability of granular geometrically open, hydraulically sand-open filters in breakwaters with a sand core

Thesis study into an alternative design for breakwaters made of granular materials like sand and quarry stone. In this design, the breakwater is constructed of a sand core and a layer of large stones directly on top of it, without the traditional filter layers in-between. The single layer of stones serves as one open filter layer that has to...

Geometrically open filters in breakwaters