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Dou, X. (author)
In the semiconductor industry, the minimumelement size has stepped into nanometer level. To keep the functionality of fabricated nanostructures, there is a huge demand of a technique that can provide non-destructive inspection and allow for in-line or in-situ monitoring during the manufacturing process. Optical scatterometry, which uses the far...
doctoral thesis 2024
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Hou, Z. (author)
In this thesis, we explore how lens design and optimization techniques can adapt to the design (optimization) space in order to increase the lens design efficiency. We extensively discuss the Saddle Point Construction (SPC), a method that can systematically search for new solutions, as well as replace high-dimensional searches with a discrete...
doctoral thesis 2023
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Kolenov, D. (author)
The phenomenon of scattering is ubiquitous. The human eye sees it as a ``blue" sky in a summer morning or a diffuse glow during the night, the color of a laser or fog in the air. Alternatively, scattering recorded with a state-of-the-art instrument manifests itself in collisions between atoms, electrons, and photons, such as processes in nuclear...
doctoral thesis 2022
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Wei, X. (author)
This thesis addresses new methods and applications of ptychography which is a scanning Coherent Diffraction Imaging(CDI) method for reconstructing a complex valued object function from intensity measurements recorded in the Fraunhofer or Fresnel diffr- action region. The technique provides a solution to the so-called 'phase problem' and is found...
doctoral thesis 2022
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Ansuinelli, P. (author)
The importance of inverse problems is paramount in science and physics because their solution provides information about parameters that cannot be directly observed. This thesis discusses and details the application of a few inverse methods in optical imaging, metrology and inspection of lithographic targets, particularly patterned structures on...
doctoral thesis 2022
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Grillo Peternella, F. (author)
Photonic sensors have recently attracted much attention in both industry and academia. High accuracy, low weight and the possibility of building a large sensor network are key benefits of photonic sensors. Another benefit is installing optical sensors in harsh environments where electronic sensors' usage is not plausible: aerospace applications...
doctoral thesis 2021
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Chang, J. (author)
In the past decades, generating single photons on demand with well defined quantum states and detecting them after photon-photon or photon-matter interaction are central to the area of quantum optics and quantum information science. The ability to detect light efficiently at the single photon level offers unprecedented opportunities for a wide...
doctoral thesis 2021
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Shao, Y. (author)
In this thesis we try to provide novel solutions to key problems related to imaging and imaging system. Imaging is usually referred to as the technique for reproducing the information of the object. In optics, we usually refer the object information to the light field in the object plane due to the interaction of the illumination field and the...
doctoral thesis 2021
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Ezerskaia, A. (author)
Skin is one of the most significant parts of the human body. It connects us with the environment and has a vast number of functions, among which defensive function is of a high importance. Skin structure and its layers may vary with a number of factors such as sight, age, sex, race and the overall health state of the individuals. The latter...
doctoral thesis 2020
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Meng, P. (author)
The Rayleigh criterion explains the diffraction limit and provides guidance for improving the performance of an imaging system namely by decreasing the wavelength of the illumination and/or increasing the aperture (NA) of the objective lens. If the wavelength and NA are set, is it possible to improve the spatial resolution further? This question...
doctoral thesis 2020
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Strauch, M. (author)
This thesis focusses on two aspects of tunable optics: Fabry-Pérot interferometers with a variable distance between their mirrors and electrowetting liquid lenses. The need for a device to detect child abuse has motivated us to design and build a camera that can detect the chemical composition of the upper skin layers of a bruise using a self...
doctoral thesis 2020
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Konijnenberg, A.P. (author)
In this thesis, several phase retrieval methods are discussed. Since the focus will mainly be on theory rather than experiment, the structure has been determined by the similarities and differences of the mathematics of these methods. For example, a distinction is made between non-iterative and iterative methods, and between single-shot...
doctoral thesis 2019
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Tang, Y. (author)
The beauty of optical birefringence lies in the fact that it provides an independent control of light over different polarization directions, which leads to many important applications in today's optical systems. This thesis describes the applications of existing naturally-occurring birefringent materials as well as the engineered formed...
doctoral thesis 2019
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Mout, B.M. (author)
To predict the quality of an optical system we need to simulate the effects of aberrations and diffraction. Aberrations can be calculated by tracing rays from a source point through a digital model of the system and evaluating the spot size of these rays on the detector. For a system without aberrations, the rays will intersect at a single point...
doctoral thesis 2019
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Dwivedi, P. (author)
Lenses are indispensable tool to perform imaging and see the small details of an object which was otherwise not possible. The smallest feature of an object that one can see using a lens depends on the numerical aperture (NA) of the lens and the used wavelength of light. For a fixed NA, the shorter the wavelength is, the smaller the features of...
doctoral thesis 2019
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Cisotto, L. (author)
The electronic industry strives continuously to increase the performance of electronic components by adding new functionality, by making them more energy efficient or by increasing their absolute performance. This last possibility is mainly achieved by a higher density of electrical components. In a photo-lithographic process, this is associated...
doctoral thesis 2018
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Wei, L. (author)
doctoral thesis 2018
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Zimmerling, J.T. (author)
HoW do you look inside a box without opening it? How can we know whether or not a heart valve is functioning correctly without cutting a person open? Imaging – the art of seeing the unseeable. A CT-scan at the doctor’s office, crack detection in the wing of an airplane, and medical ultrasound are all examples of imaging techniques that allow us...
doctoral thesis 2018
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Hänsel, A. (author)
Spectroscopy is a powerful tool to investigate the physical properties of complex systems. The interaction of light with matter allows to get insights into the structure of it. Chapter 1 is dedicated to introduce this topic and to show the developments of the technologies that paved the way to its success. Special focus is given to the...
doctoral thesis 2018
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Leinders, S.M. (author)
We design and demonstrate a prototype ultrasound sensor based on a photonic micro-ring resonator integrated on a silicon membrane, and show that it can detect very low pressure ultrasound waves. The use of integrated photonics in future array transducers has several benefits: for instance it provides a small spatial footprint, compatibility with...
doctoral thesis 2017
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