Analysis of the notional permeability of rubble mound breakwaters by means of a VOF model

When designing a rubble mound breakwater, one would like to predict the stability of the armour layer of the breakwater. For this purpose several armour layer stability formula are developed. The most reliable is considered to be the stability formula of Van der Meer (1988). With this method, the armour layer stability is predicted based on...

Damping of wind waves in the IJmuiden breakwaters

The breakwaters of IJmuiden are of a unique design; a riprap core is covered with a thick impermeable asphalt slab. During construction and after completion, slope instability caused extensive damage. Placement of a concrete cube armour layer prevented further damage to the asphalt, but proved to be unstable and required a significant amount of...

Physical model tests of the notional permeability on breakwaters

Breakwaters are important objects to protect coastal- and harbour areas. To minimalize the probability of failure of breakwaters, a lot of research has been conducted concerning the stability of breakwaters. After Iribarren and Hudson, an influential research is conducted by Van der Meer. The literature research of this report will provide more...

The use of Elastocoast in breakwater research

In this report will be explained how breakwaters can be made with the use of Elastocoast, a sort of glue. This makes it possible to fix the individual rocks, and allows repetitive tests possible with exactly the same layer properties. We made six samples of breakwater rock layers, made with Elastocoast and stones, which can be placed and tested...

Stability of wide-graded rubble mounds

The reshaping of temporary rubble mounds like the core of breakwaters or reclamation bunds is often a concern for contractorsi n the construction stages of marine structures. The formulas found in literature for the prediction of such behavior are few, and they do not provide clear insight on the influence of relevant parameters, in particular...

Rehabilitation of the Mayabeque Beach: Determination of the main causes of erosion and proposal of several solutions

In this report the beach erosion problem at the Village of Mayabeque, located 60 km south of Havana at the South coast of Cuba will be investigated. Mayabeque is a small local holiday village. 20 houses are permanently inhabited and in the summer the population goes up to 3000, mostly Cuban people all spending there holidays here. Mayabeque...

Stability of toe and slope structures of rubble mound breakwaters

Existing stability relationships for toe and slope structures of rubble mound breakwaters (e.g. by Gerding and Van der Meer) are empirical and do not give a clear insight in the actual physical processes near the structure. In this research an attempt is made to enlarge this insight and to derive new stability relationships in which this insight...

Imperfecte filterconstructies onder golfbrekers

Filterconstructies worden toegepast onder de teen en armour layer van uit breuksteen opgebouwde golfbrekers. Daarnaast worden zij vaak, als onderdeel van een bodembescherming, aangebracht op de zeebodem veer de teen van de golfbreker. Filterconstructies hebben als doel erosie van het onderliggende basismateriaal te voorkomen. Geometrisch-dichte...

Probabilistisch Ontwerpen van Verticale Golfbrekers

De steeds groter wordende diepgang van zeeschepen vereist dat golfbrekers op grotere dieptes aangelegd moeten worden. De kosten van stortsteen golfbrekers op grote dieptes zijn aanzienlijk hoger dan op kleine dieptes. Verticale golfbrekers lijken een betere alternatief te zijn met betrekking tot de totale kosten prestatie, standaardisatie,...

Probabilistic design of breakwaters, the Ennore breakawater project: Failure mechanisms of a crested rubble mound breakwater

Breakwaters differ from each other by their functions or their type. The most important function of breakwaters is to allow the ships to be loaded and unloaded in calm water conditions and to provide dock or quay facilities. Several types of breakwaters can be distinguished, depending on their operation and design. The most common breakwater...

Stresses in tetrapod armour units exposed to wave action

In the late seventies, begin eighties a number of large breakwaters was severely damaged. The armour layer of these breakwaters consisted of slender concrete armour units, like dolosse or tetrapods. It appeared that one of the main reasons of failure of these breakwaters was breakage of the armour units. Obviously, the mechanical strength of the...

Large scale stability tests on the Barcelona breakwater

For the planned expansion of the port of Barcelona, the existing breakwater needs to be extended with 1000 m. The design of the new section has to be optimized and for this purpose experiments were performed in the CIEM flume at the LIM/UPC in Barcelona. The design of the existing breakwater is used as an initial design. An other part of this...

Return periods of water levels and significant wave heights and wave periods at the Outer Anchorage Chittagong, Bangladesh

Bangladesh has two ports catering to international shipping, i.e. Clalna and Chittagong. Chittagong is the countries main import harbour; industrial activities, needing deep water, are also mainly located in Chittagong. The development of the ports is greatly hampered by the limited depth of the entrances. The problem is aggravated by the trend...