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Cosimulating Integrated Energy Systems with Heterogeneous Digital Twins: Matching a Connected World

Palensky, P. (author), Mancarella, Pierluigi (author), Hardy, Trevor (author), Cvetkovic, M. (author)

Energy system integration promises in-creased resiliency and the unlocking of synergies, while also contributing to our goal of decarbonization. It is enabled by both old and new technologies, glued together with data and digital services. Hydrolyzers, heat pumps, distributed renewable generation, smart buildings, and the digital grid edge...

journal article 2024

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Comparative assessment of generative models for transformer- and consumer-level load profiles generation

Xia, W. (author), Huang, Hanyue (author), Duque, Edgar Mauricio Salazar (author), Shengren, H. (author), Palensky, P. (author), Vergara Barrios, P.P. (author)

Residential load profiles (RLPs) play an increasingly important role in the optimal operation and planning of distribution systems, particularly with the rising integration of low-carbon energy resources such as PV systems, electric vehicles, small-scale batteries, etc. Despite the prevalence of various data-driven models for generating...

journal article 2024

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Hierarchical online energy management for residential microgrids with Hybrid hydrogen–electricity Storage System

Wu, J. (author), Li, S. (author), Fu, A. (author), Cvetkovic, M. (author), Palensky, P. (author), Vasquez, Juan C. (author), Guerrero, Josep M. (author)

The increasing proportion of renewable energy introduces both long-term and short-term uncertainty to power systems, which restricts the implementation of energy management systems (EMSs) with high dependency on accurate prediction techniques. A hierarchical online EMS (HEMS) is proposed in this paper to economically operate the Hybrid...

journal article 2024

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Risk-constrained bidding and offering strategy for sector-coupled electricity-hydrogen systems incorporating accessibility level of mobility sector

Zare Oskouei, Morteza (author), Mehrjerdi, Hasan (author), Palensky, P. (author)

To enhance the economic viability of integrated energy systems, it is important to balance risk and reward while ensuring operational flexibility and compliance with regulatory constraints. Developing an integrated risk measurement method for energy trading in energy markets that complies with regulatory constraints adds another layer of...

journal article 2024

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Voltage/Current Doubler Converter for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging Employing Bipolar Pads

Grazian, F. (author), Soeiro, Thiago B. (author), Bauer, P. (author)

Light-duty electric vehicles (EVs) typically have a rated voltage of either 400 or 800 V. Especially when considering public parking infrastructures or owners with multiple EVs, e.g., car rental companies, EV wireless chargers must efficiently deliver electric power to both battery options. For this purpose, this article proposes an advanced...

journal article 2023

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Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration for Electromobility

Rivera, Sebastian (author), Goetz, Stefan M. (author), Kouro, Samir (author), Lehn, Peter W. (author), Pathmanathan, Mehanathan (author), Bauer, P. (author), Mastromauro, Rosa Anna (author)

Electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure will play a critical role in decarbonization during the next decades, energizing a large share of the transportation sector. This will further increase the enabling role of power electronics converters as an energy transition technology in the widespread adoption of clean energy sources and their...

journal article 2023

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Zero-sequence current suppression control for fault current damper based on model predictive control

Shetgaonkar, A.D. (author), Popov, M. (author), Palensky, P. (author), Lekić, A. (author)

In a multi-terminal direct current (MTdc) system based on a modular multilevel converter (MMC), high-speed and large interruption capability direct current circuit breakers (dc CBs) are required for dc fault interruption. However, commercializing these breakers is challenging, especially offshore, due to the large footprint of the surge...

journal article 2023

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Stable passivation of cut edges in encapsulated n-type silicon solar cells using Nafion polymer

Chen, N. (author), Tune, Daniel (author), Buchholz, Florian (author), Roescu, Razvan (author), Zeman, M. (author), Isabella, O. (author), Mihailetchi, Valentin D. (author)

In this study, the edge passivation effectiveness and long-term stability of Nafion polymer in n-type interdigitated back contact (IBC) solar cells are investigated. For new module technologies such as half-cut, triple-cut, or shingled modules, cutting of the cells introduces unpassivated edges with a high recombination rate and this limits the...

journal article 2023

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Comprehensive Study on Transformer Fault Detection via Frequency Response Analysis

Kakolaki, Seyed Ebrahim Hosseini (author), Hakimian, Vahid (author), Sadeh, Javad (author), Rakhshani, E. (author)

The sudden outage of a transformer due to a fault can cause irreparable damage to the electricity industry. Hence, by conducting momentarily inspections of the transformer's condition, faults can be promptly detected, and the transformer can be disconnected from the power grid to prevent subsequent failures in this equipment. Detecting faults...

journal article 2023

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Hybrid Analytical Model for AC Copper Loss Computation of Hairpin Winding

Du, Yunlu (author), Huang, Yunkai (author), Guo, Baocheng (author), Peng, Fei (author), Yao, Y. (author), Dong, J. (author)

This article proposes a hybrid analytical model (HAM) for predicting ac copper losses in hairpin windings. The HAM combines the nonlinear semi-analytical model (SAM) and the 1-D ac copper loss computation model to solve the inaccurate boundary solutions of the 1-D ac copper loss computation model when magnetic saturation occurs in the stator...

journal article 2023

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Generating quality datasets for real-time security assessment: Balancing historically relevant and rare feasible operating conditions

Bugaje, A.-.A.B. (author), Cremer, Jochen (author), Strbac, Goran (author)

This paper presents a novel, unified approach for generating high-quality datasets for training machine-learned models for real-time security assessment in power systems. Synthetic data generation methods that extrapolate beyond historical data can be inefficient in generating feasible and rare operating conditions (OCs). The proposed...

journal article 2023

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Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on a Multioutput Multilevel Converter

Lizana, Ricardo (author), Rivera, Sebastian (author), Figueroa, Fidel (author), Flores-Bahamonde, Freddy (author), Rodriguez, Jose (author), Goetz, Stefan M. (author)

Energy storage systems (ESSs) allow improving the stability and efficiency of the electrical grids with a high penetration of renewable energy sources. Moreover, the use of Hybrid ESSs (HESSs) enables storage solutions with both high-energy and high-power densities, by combining different storage technologies such as diverse battery...

journal article 2023

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Cyber Attacks on Power Grids: Causes and Propagation of Cascading Failures

Subramaniam Rajkumar, Vetrivel (author), Stefanov, Alexandru (author), Presekal, A. (author), Palensky, P. (author), Rueda, José L. (author)

Cascading effects in the power grid involve an uncontrolled, successive failure of elements. The root cause of such failures is the combined occurrence of multiple, statistically rare events that may result in a blackout. With increasing digitalisation, power systems are vulnerable to emergent cyber threats. Furthermore, such threats are not...

journal article 2023

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Congestion management in electricity distribution networks: Smart tariffs, local markets and direct control

Hennig, R.J. (author), De Vries, Laurens (author), Tindemans, Simon H. (author)

Increasing peaks from high-power loads such as EVs and heat pumps lead to congestion of electric distribution grids. The inherent flexibility of these loads could be used to resolve congestion events. Possible options for this are smart network tariffs, market-based approaches, and direct control of flexible loads by the network operator. In...

journal article 2023

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Cyber-Physical Testbed Co-simulation Real-Time: Normal and Abnormal System Frequency Response

Riquelme-Dominguez, Jose Miguel (author), Gonzalez-Longatt, Francisco (author), Melo, Andre Felipe Silva (author), Rueda, José L. (author), Palensky, P. (author)

Future carbon-neutral power systems impose many challenges; one is the urgent need for a simulation platform that allows replicating the complex systems’ actual dynamic performance. This paper shows the results of implementing a cyber-physical testbed co-simulation in real-time to analyse the system frequency response considering primary...

journal article 2023

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Split-based sequential sampling for realtime security assessment

Bugaje, A.-.A.B. (author), Cremer, Jochen (author), Strbac, Goran (author)

Machine learning (ML) for real-time security assessment requires a diverse training database to be accurate for scenarios beyond historical records. Generating diverse operating conditions is highly relevant for the uncertain future of emerging power systems that are completely different to historical power systems. In response, for the first...

journal article 2023

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Individual yield nowcasting for residential PV systems

Grzebyk, Daniel (author), Alcañiz Moya, A. (author), Donker, Jaap (author), Zeman, M. (author), Ziar, H. (author), Isabella, O. (author)

Due to the inherent uncertainty in photovoltaic (PV) energy generation, an accurate power forecasting is essential to ensure a reliable operation of PV systems and a safe electric grid. Machine learning (ML) techniques have gained popularity on the development of this task due to its increased accuracy. Most literature, however, focuses only...

journal article 2023

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Energy Loss Analysis of Two-Terminal Tandem PV Systems under Realistic Operating Conditions—Revealing the Importance of Fill Factor Gains

Blom, Y. (author), Vogt, M.R. (author), Ruiz Tobon, C.M. (author), Santbergen, R. (author), Zeman, M. (author), Isabella, O. (author)

The tandem PV technology can potentially increase the efficiency of PV modules over 30%. To design efficient modules, a quantification of the different losses is important. Herein, a model for quantifying the energy loss mechanisms in PV systems under real-world operating conditions with a level of detail back to the components and their...

journal article 2023

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Exploring Stability and Accuracy Limits of Distributed Real-Time Power System Simulations via System-of-Systems Cosimulation

Barbierato, Luca (author), Pons, Enrico (author), Bompard, Ettore Francesco (author), Subramaniam Rajkumar, Vetrivel (author), Palensky, P. (author), Bottaccioli, Lorenzo (author), Patti, Edoardo (author)

Electromagnetic transients (EMT) is the most accurate, but computationally expensive method of analyzing power system phenomena. Thereby, interconnecting several real-time simulators can unlock scalability and system coverage, but leads to a number of new challenges, mainly in time synchronization, numerical stability, and accuracy...

journal article 2023

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Update Scheduling for ADMM-based Energy Sharing in Virtual Power Plants Considering Massive Prosumer Access

Feng, Cheng (author), Zheng, Kedi (author), Zhou, Yangze (author), Palensky, P. (author), Chen, Qixin (author)

With the proliferation of distributed energy resources (DERs), electricity consumers in virtual power plants (VPPs) are transitioning into prosumers and are encouraged to share surplus energy with peers. Nevertheless, large-scale energy sharing among thousands of prosumers may encounter communication-related challenges. Communication network...

journal article 2023