Probing the solution space of an EM inversion problem with a genetic algorithm

In an inversion for the subsurface conductivity distribution using frequency-domain Controlled-Source Electromagnetic data, various amounts of horizontal components may be included. We investigate which combination of components are best suited to invert for a vertical transverse isotropic (VTI) subsurface. We do this by probing the...

Sensitivity of the near-surface vertical electric field land Controlled-Source Electromagnetic monitoring

We investigate potential benefits of measuring the vertical electric field component in addition to the routinely measured horizontal electric field components in onshore time-lapse controlled-source electromagnetics. Synthetic electromagnetic data based on a model of the Schoonebeek onshore oil field are used. We confirm that the vertical...

Enhancing Land Controlled-Source Electromagnetic Surveys using Vertical Electric Field Measurements

Nowadays, marine Controlled Source ElectroMagnetic surveys are commonly used for oil exploration whereas similar surveys on land are still a rarity. In recent years theoretical studies have shown that using a horizontal source and vertical receivers on land will result in lower noise levels measured by the receivers. In order to test this, a...

Fast Frequency and Time Domain Integral Equation Modelling for Marine CSEM Applications

In this study we developed algorithms for fast frequency and time domain integral equation modelling for marine controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) applications. Solutions of integral equations for CSEM applications in a three-layered earth with an assumed reservoirs is examined using the conjugate gradient fast Fourier transformation (CG...

Controlled-Source Electromagnetics for Reservoir Monitoring on Land

The main goal of exploration geophysics is to obtain information about the subsurface that is not directly available from surface geological observations. The results are primarily used for finding potential reservoirs that contain commercial quantities of hydrocarbons. A number of possible geophysical methods exists these days to achieve such a...