Aircraft bi-level life cycle cost estimation

n an integrated aircraft design and analysis practice, Life Cycle Cost (LCC) is essential for decision making. The LCC of an aircraft is ordinarily partially estimated by emphasizing a specific cost type. However, an overview of the LCC including design and development cost, production cost, operating cost and disposal cost is not provided. This...

A methodological approach for the optimisation of the product development process by the application of design automation

A short lead time of the Product Development Process (PDP) is an important competitive advantage for companies. Design automation solutions provide a means to reduce the lead time and improve quality, but their development requires some investment. Before a company can commit to the development of an automation initiative, it requires an...

Fifteen years of international space station

The International Space Station (ISS) celebrated its 15th birthday in October 2013. The ISS is the largest spaceship ever built by humans and very important for research, to understand life and physics. However, the ISS is very expensive to maintain and therefore some people argue that the ISS program should stop. The US president has decided to...

An Ontology-Based Approach for Knowledge Lifecycle Management within Aircraft Lifecycle Phases

In the aerospace domain, manufacturers and operators constantly seek to improve their products and processes. Increasingly, knowledge-based applications are developed to support or automate knowledge-intensive engineering tasks, saving time and money. However, engineering knowledge changes over time, which has implications for the usability and...

Air Transport and Operations. Proceedings of the Third International Air Transport and Operations Symposium 2012

Air transport must evolve if it is to optimize its value in the 21st century. The mood in the aerospace industry is positive with regard to economic recovery, but the focus in this transitional time must be on sustaining value, without losing sight of environmental and safety priorities

The KNOMAD Methodology for Integration of Multi-Disciplinary Engineering Knowledge within Aerospace Production

The paper is associated with the integration of multi-disciplinary knowledge within a Knowledge Based Engineering (KBE)-enabled design framework. To support this integration effort, the KNOMAD methodology has been devised. KNOMAD stands for Knowledge Optimized Manufacture And Design and is a methodology for the analytical utilisation of multi...

Positioning and applications for planet earth

GNSS, InSAR and LIDAR are identified as important techniques when it comes to monitoring and remote sensing of our planet Earth and its atmosphere. In fact, these techniques can be considered as key elements of the Global Geodetic Observing System. Examples of applications are: environmental monitoring; volcano monitoring, land slides, tectonic...

Improving the GNSS attitude ambiguity success rate with the multivariate constrained LAMBDA method

GNSS Attitude Determination is a valuable technique for the estimation of platform orientation. To achieve high accuracies on the angular estimations, the GNSS carrier phase data has to be used. These data are known to be affected by integer ambiguities, which must be correctly resolved in order to exploit the higher precision of the phase...

Medium-distance GPS ambiguity resolution with controlled failure rate

The goal of Network RTK is to provide users with precise ionospheric corrections in order to conduct fast GPS ambiguity resolution and to get cm-level positioning results over medium-distance baselines. In this paper it is shown that a Network RTK user should apply the ratio test with fixed failure rate, having a threshold value that depends on...

Multiplatform Instantaneous GNSS Ambiguity Resolution for Triple- and Quadruple-Antenna Configurations with Constraints

Traditionally the relative positioning and attitude determination problem are treated as independent. In this contribution we will investigate the possibilities of using multiantenna (i.e., triple and quadruple) data, not only for attitude determination but also for relative positioning. The methods developed are rigorous and have the additional...

The future of single-frequency integer ambiguity resolution

The coming decade will bring a proliferation of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) that are likely to enable a much wider range of demanding applications compared to the current GPS-only situation. One such important area of application is single-frequency real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning. Presently, however, such systems lack real...

Geodetic sensor systems and sensor networks: Positioning and applications

This contribution focuses on geodetic sensor systems and sensor networks for positioning and applications. The key problems in this area will be addressed together with an overview of applications. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and other geodetic techniques play a central role in many applications like engineering, mapping and...

Integer ambiguity resolution with nonlinear geometrical constraints

Integer ambiguity resolution is the key to obtain very accurate positioning solutions out of the GNSS observations. The Integer Least Squares (ILS) principle, a derivation of the least-squares principle applied to a linear system of equations in which some of the unknowns are subject to an integer constraint,was demonstrated to be optimal among...

The effects of co-innovation on the value-time curve: A quantitative study on product level

The GNSS integer ambiguities: Estimation and validation

The principle of positioning with the Global Positioning System (GPS) is based on determining the distance of at least four GPS satellites to a receiver. For that purpose the so-called code measurements can be used, so that the position of the receiver can be determined up to several meters. In order to allow for navigation with centimeter...

Project Hitch Hiker: A feasibility study for a small telecommunication satellite