Marchenko imaging: Imaging with primaries, internal multiples, and free-surface multiples

Recent work on retrieving the Green’s function with the Marchenko equation shows how these functions for a virtual source in the subsurface can be obtained from reflection data. The response to the virtual source is the Green’s function from the location of the virtual source to the surface. The Green’s function is retrieved using only the...

Autofocusing imaging: Imaging with primaries, internal multiples and free-surface multiples

Recent work on autofocusing with the Marchenko equation has shown how the Green's function for a virtual source in the subsurface can be obtained from reflection data. The response to the virtual source is the Green's function from the location of the virtual source to the surface. The Green's function is retrieved using only the reflection...

Shear wave seismic interferometry for lithospheric imaging: Application to southern Mexico

Seismic interferometry allows for the creation of new seismic traces by cross correlating existing ones. With sufficient sampling of remote-source positions, it is possible to create a virtual source record by transforming a receiver location into a virtual source. The imaging technique developed here directly retrieves reflectivity information...

Seismic reflector imaging using internal multiples with Marchenko-type equations

We present an imaging method that creates a map of reflection coefficients in correct one-way time with no contamination from internal multiples using purely a filtering approach. The filter is computed from the measured reflection response and does not require a background model. We demonstrate that the filter is a focusing wavefield that...

Green's function retrieval with Marchenko equations: A sensitivity analysis

Recent research showed that the Marchenko equation can be used to construct the Green’s function for a virtual source position in the subsurface. The method requires the reflection response at the surface and an estimate of the direct arrival of the wavefield, traveling from the virtual source location to the acquisition surface. In this paper,...

Coupled Marchenko equations for electromagnetic Green’s function retrieval and imaging

Recently a new theory has been developed to retrieve a wavefield generated by a source on the surface and recorded at a point in the subsurface without the need for a receiver at that subsurface location. The scheme is presented for three-dimensional wavefields. It decomposes the electromagnetic field in up- and downgoing electric fields and in...

Interferometric reservoir monitoring with a single passive source

Changes in the subsurface can be imaged by subtracting seismic reflection data at two different states, one serving as the initial survey or base, and the second as the monitor survey. Conventionally, the reflection data are acquired by placing active seismic sources at the acquisition surface. Alternatively, these data can be acquired from...

Seismic exploration?scale velocities and structure from ambient seismic noise (>1?Hz)

The successful surface waves retrieval in solid?Earth seismology using long?time correlations and subsequent tomographic images of the crust have sparked interest in extraction of subsurface information from noise in the exploration seismology. Subsurface information in exploration seismology is usually derived from body?wave reflections >?1?Hz,...