Unidirectional sulfate ingress in limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) pastes under cyclic exposure

If sulfate attack on Portland cement systems has been largely investigated in the last decades, mechanisms of sulfate resistance for systems with new SCMs are still in dim, especially for the emerging materials that are limestone calcined clay cements (LC³). Using a new semi-immersion approach, we forced the penetration of sulfate ions in just...

Time-Dependent Reliability Analysis of Pavement Structures under Fatigue Loading

The premature failure of well-designed structures in the field is a problem commonly observed worldwide. These early failures and the deterioration in structural resistance of pavements can be attributed to the loading and external environmental factors, damage and improper maintenance during the design life among other factors. The time...

Dynamic Axle Loads as a Main Source of Railway Track Degradation

During train operation, geometrical irregularities develop in soil-supported ballasted railway tracks as a function of born tonnage. This form of degradation is combatted by periodic maintenance in the form of tamping by specially equipped trains in order to guarantee predefined levels of structural performance. The growth of irregular...