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Socci, Carlo Alberto (author), Kassapoglou, C. (author)A model is described which allows the exact calculation of stresses in a cracked ply under combined state of strain. Closed form expressions for the stresses in each ply are combined in an energy density-based criterion to predict crack spacing and the resulting transverse modulus and shear modulus. Inelastic effects due to non-linearities of...journal article 2020
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Xiong, Chao (author), Xu, Ji Sheng (author), Stolle, Claudia (author), van den IJssel, J.A.A. (author), Yin, Fan (author), Kervalishvili, Guram N. (author), Zangerl, Franz (author)Transient signal loss of the global positioning system (GPS) has been frequently observed by receivers on board the European Space Agency's Swarm mission when the satellites encounter ionospheric plasma irregularities. In this study we provided the first comparison of the GPS signal amplitude degradations from receivers on board low Earth...journal article 2020
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Wang, H. (author), Apostolidis, P. (author), Zhu, Jiqing (author), Liu, X. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author), Erkens, S. (author)Waste tire rubber has been incorporated into asphalt modification for decades due to its various benefits. There are two main mechanisms during bitumen–rubber interaction: rubber swelling and chemical degradation. This study surveys these two processes from the viewpoint of polymer science. The kinetics of rubber dissolution and...journal article 2020
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Bae, D. (author), Faasse, Richard (author), Smith, W.A. (author)Achieving high current densities without thermal performance degradation at high temperatures is one of the main challenges for enhancing the competitiveness of photo-electrochemical energy storage systems. We describe a system that overcomes this challenge by incorporating an integrated photoelectrode with a redox flow cell, which functions...journal article 2020
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Ylla Arbos, C. (author), Blom, A. (author), Acevedo Goldaracena, F. (author), van Vuren, S (author), Schielen, R.M.J. (author)The Rhine reach comprising the Niederrhein and the Upper Rhine Delta is characterized by a long history of engineering interventions. The area is densely populated and the Rhine, the main inland waterway in Europe, justifying the need for such measures. Interventions have had a strong impact on morphodynamic channel characteristics. We use bed...conference paper 2020
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Wang, Jing (author), Wu, Benteng (author), Muñoz Sierra, Julian (author), He, Chunhua (author), Hu, Zhenhu (author), Wang, Wei (author)Sludge morphology considerably affects the mechanism underlying microbial anaerobic degradation of phenol. Here, we assessed the phenol degradation rate, specific methanogenic activity, electron transport activity, coenzyme F<sub>420</sub> concentration, and microbial community structure of five phenol-degrading sludge of varying particle...journal article 2020
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Pabón-Pereira, Claudia P. (author), Hamelers, H. V.M. (author), Matilla, Irene (author), van Lier, J.B. (author)Based on fifteen European plant species, a statistical model for the estimation of the anaerobic biodegradability of plant material was developed. We show that this new approach represents an accurate and cost-eective method to identify valuable energy plants for sustainable energy production. In particular, anaerobic biodegradability (B<sub...journal article 2020
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de Witte, Tinke Marie (author), Wagner, Angela M. (author), Fratila-Apachitei, E.L. (author), Zadpoor, A.A. (author), Peppas, Nicholas A. (author)Bone tissue engineering strategies have been developed to address the limitations of the current gold standard treatment options for bone-related disorders. These systems consist of an engineered scaffold that mimics the extracellular matrix and provides an architecture to guide the natural bone regeneration process, and incorporated growth...journal article 2020
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Hu, Jiawen (author), Chen, P. (author)The remaining useful lifetime (RUL) estimated from the in-situ degradation data has shown to be useful for online predictive maintenance. In the literature, the RUL is often estimated by assuming a soft-failure threshold for the degradation data. In practice, however, systems may not be subject to the degradation-induced soft failures....journal article 2020
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Guo, Y. (author), Zhao, Chunfa (author), Markine, V.L. (author), Jing, Guoqing (author), Zhai, Wanming (author)The discrete element method (DEM) has been confirmed as an effective numerical method for modelling railway ballast, and successfully used to analyse a wide range of ballast-related applications (e.g. geomaterials). However, there still exists some aspects under development. Among them, the model calibration can be the most significant one ...review 2020
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Kongshaug, Simen Sørgaard (author), Oseland, Oddbjørn (author), Kanstad, Terje (author), Hendriks, M.A.N. (author), Rodum, Eva (author), Markeset, Gro (author)The alkali silica reaction (ASR) in concrete causes internal localized swelling and micro cracking, which result in expansion and correlated deterioration of the concrete material. The stress state of the concrete is known to affect expansion due to ASR, with an anisotropic stress state giving rise to anisotropic expansion. Similarly, the...journal article 2020
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Valk, L.C. (author), Luttik, M.A.H. (author), de Ram, C. (author), Pabst, Martin (author), van den Broek, M.A. (author), van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (author), Pronk, J.T. (author)D-galacturonate, a key constituent of pectin, is a ubiquitous monomer in plant biomass. Anaerobic, fermentative conversion of D-galacturonate is therefore relevant in natural environments as well as in microbial processes for microbial conversion of pectin-containing agricultural residues. In currently known microorganisms that anaerobically...journal article 2020
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Zander, F. (author), Heimovaara, T.J. (author), Gebert, J. (author)Purpose: The microbial turnover of sediment organic matter (OM) in ports and waterways impacts water quality, sonic depth finding and presumably also rheological properties as well as greenhouse gas emissions, especially if organic carbon is released as methane. As a consequence, sediment management practices as a whole are affected. This...journal article 2020
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Guo, Y. (author), Ji, Yameng (author), Zhou, Qiang (author), Markine, V.L. (author), Jing, Guoqing (author)The rubber-protected ballast (RPB) is made from natural ballast particles and crumb rubber particles. The crumb rubber is shredded waste tires. RPB was chosen to replace the ballast as it has higher resistance to breakage and abrasion. However, the static and dynamic performance of the RPB has not been confirmed yet. Towards this end,...journal article 2020
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Wei, Z. (author), Nunez, Alfredo (author), Liu, Xiubo (author), Dollevoet, R.P.B.J. (author), Li, Z. (author)This study evaluates the degradation of wheels and rails at railway crossings. The evaluation method is composed of 1) finite element simulation of dynamic wheel/crossing interaction and 2) multi-criteria analysis of wheel/rail degradation in terms of yield behavior, rolling contact fatigue (RCF) and wear. With the aid of this method, we...journal article 2020
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Yazdan Mehr, M. (author), Bahrami, A. (author), van Driel, W.D. (author), Fan, X.J. (author), Davis, J.L. (author), Zhang, Kouchi (author)In this paper, degradation mechanisms of optical materials, used in the light emitting diode (LED)-based products, are reviewed. The LED lighting is one of the fastest technology shifts in human history. Lighting accounts for almost 20% of the global electrical energy use, inferring that replacement of traditional lighting sources with LEDs...journal article 2020
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Vermeer, W.W.M. (author), Chandra Mouli, G.R. (author), Bauer, P. (author)This paper proposes a two-stage smart charging algorithm for future buildings equipped with an electric vehicle, battery energy storage, solar panels, and a heat pump. The first stage is a non-linear programming model that optimizes the charging of electric vehicles and battery energy storage based on a prediction of photovoltaïc (PV) power,...journal article 2020
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Benz, D. (author), Bui, Hao Van (author), Hintzen, H.T.J.M. (author), Kreutzer, M.T. (author), van Ommen, J.R. (author)Photocatalysts for water purification typically lack efficiency for practical applications. Here we present a multi-component (Pt:SiO<sub>2</sub>:TiO<sub>2</sub> (P25)) material that was designed using knowledge of reaction mechanisms of mono-modified catalysts (SiO<sub>2</sub>:TiO<sub>2</sub>, and Pt:TiO<sub>2</sub> ) combined with the...journal article 2020
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Gusain, D. (author), Cvetkovic, M. (author), Bentvelsen, Ron (author), Palensky, P. (author)To counter the inherent intermittent and unpre dictable power generation from large amounts of wind and solar, fast-acting resources are required, one of the options being sector coupling via power to gas devices. Industrial Power to Gas (IPtG) resources, such as an electrolyzer, represent an attractive solution to satisfy the rising energy...conference paper 2020
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Hennige, Sebastian J. (author), Wolfram, Uwe (author), Wickes, Leslie (author), Murray, Fiona (author), Roberts, J. Murray (author), Kamenos, Nicholas A. (author), Schofield, Sebastian (author), Groetsch, Alexander (author), Spiesz, E.M. (author), Aubin-Tam, M.E. (author), Etnoyer, Peter J. (author)Ocean acidification is a threat to the net growth of tropical and deep-sea coral reefs, due to gradual changes in the balance between reef growth and loss processes. Here we go beyond identification of coral dissolution induced by ocean acidification and identify a mechanism that will lead to a loss of habitat in cold-water coral reef...journal article 2020