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Li, Shenyang (author)This thesis describes the design of a 3rd order 1-bit delta-sigma modulator whose input-signal range (0 to 1.95V) exceeds its supply voltage (1.2V). By using a passive input stage and a single-OTA resonator, this beyond-the-rails modulator realizes a 3rd order loop filter with only two amplifiers instead of the usual three and thus achieves...master thesis 2023
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Eland, E.N. (author), Mehrotra, Shubham (author), Karmakar, S. (author), van Veldhoven, Robert (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)Zoom ADCs combine a coarse SAR ADC with a fine delta-sigma modulator (?SM) to efficiently obtain high energy efficiency and high dynamic range. This makes them well suited for use in various instrumentation and audio applications. However, zoom ADCs also have drawbacks. The use of over-ranging in their fine modulators may limit SNDR, large...book chapter 2023
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Pecanins Martínez, Victor (author)Several techniques have been proposed to reduce the swing at the input stage of a CTDSM. One of these is using a simple passive RC input stage. In prior works, this increased in-band quantization noise. In this paper, we use positive feedback to realize complex-conjugate poles with a passive input stage, obtaining the same noise-shaping as an...master thesis 2022
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Brito Zamparette, R.L. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)This letter presents a low-power, fully integrated current sensor for Coulomb-counting. It employs a hybrid delta–sigma modulator ( ΔΣM ) with an FIR-DAC to digitize the voltage drop across a shunt. The modulator’s first stage consists of a capacitively coupled chopper amplifier, which enables a beyond-the-rails (−0.3 to 5 V) input common...journal article 2022
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Campos de Oliveira, A. (author), Pan, Sining (author), Wiegerink, Remco J. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)This article presents a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) Coriolis-based mass-flow-to-digital converter (Φ DC) that can be used with both liquids and gases. It consists of a micromachined Coriolis mass flow sensor and a CMOS interface circuit that drives it into oscillation and digitizes the resulting mass flow information. A phase-locked...journal article 2022
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Pan, S. (author)This thesis describes the design and implementation of integrated temperature sensors based on the temperature dependency of CMOS resistors.doctoral thesis 2021
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Pan, S. (author), Angevare, J. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)This article describes a hybrid temperature sensor in which an accurate, but energy-inefficient, thermal diffusivity (TD) sensor is used to calibrate an inaccurate, but efficient, resistor-based sensor. The latter is based on silicided polysilicon resistors embedded in a Wien-bridge (WB) filter, while the former is based on an electrothermal...journal article 2021
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Mohamed Mahmoud Saad Hassan Saad, Mohamed (author)This thesis presents a BJT-based CMOS temperature-to-digital converter (TDC). With a continuous-time readout, the TDC avoids the kT/C noise limit incurred by previous discrete-time (switched-capacitor) TDCs. An energy-efficient BJT front-end generates single PTAT and CTAT currents for being digitized by a delta-sigma modulator through a linear...master thesis 2020
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Xie, S. (author), Abarca Prouza, A.N. (author), Theuwissen, A.J.P.A.M. (author)This brief proposes employing each of the classical 4 transistor (4T) pinned photodiode (PPD) CMOS image sensor (CIS) pixels, for both imaging and temperature measurement, intended for compensating the CISs' dark current, and dark signal non-uniformity (DSNU). The proposed temperature sensors rely on the thermal behavior of MOSFETs working in...journal article 2020
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Pan, S. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)This article describes a highly energy-efficient Wheatstone bridge temperature sensor. To maximize sensitivity, the bridge is made from resistors with positive (silicided diffusion) and negative (poly) temperature coefficients. The bridge is balanced by a resistive (poly) FIR-DAC, which is part of a 2nd-order continuous-time delta-sigma...journal article 2020
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Jiang, H. (author), Nihtianova, S. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)This paper describes an energy-efficient bridge readout IC (ROIC), which consists of a capacitively coupled instrumentation amplifier (CCIA) that drives a continuous-time delta–sigma modulator (CTM). By exploiting the CCIA’s ability<br/>to block dc common-mode voltages, the bridge’s bias voltage may exceed the ROIC’s supply voltage, allowing...journal article 2019
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Pan, S. (author), Luo, Yanquan (author), Heidary Shalmany, S. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)This paper describes a high-resolution energy-efficient CMOS temperature sensor, intended for the temperature compensation of MEMS/quartz frequency references. The sensor is based on silicided poly-silicon thermistors, which are embedded in a Wien-bridge RC filter. When driven at a fixed frequency, the filter exhibits a temperature-dependent...journal article 2018
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Cai, Z. (author), van Veldhoven, Robert (author), Suy, Hilco (author), de Graaf, G. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author), Pertijs, M.A.P. (author)This paper presents a readout circuit for a carbon dioxide (CO&#2082;) sensor that measures the CO&#x2082;-dependent thermal time constant of a hot-wire transducer. The readout circuit periodically heats up the transducer and uses a phase-domain &#x0394; &#x03A3; modulator to digitize the phase shift of the resulting...journal article 2018
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Pan, S. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)This paper describes a compact, energy efficient, resistor-based temperature sensor that can operate over a wide temperature range (-55 °C-125 °C). The sensor is based on a Wheatstone bridge (WhB) made from silicided poly-silicon and non-silicided poly-silicon resistors. To achieve both area and energy efficiencies, the current output of the WhB...journal article 2018
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Jiang, H. (author), Ligouras, C. (author), Nihtianova, S. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)When chopping is applied to a continuous-time sigmadelta modulator (CTΣΔM), quantization noise fold-back often occurs, leading to increased in-band noise. This can be prevented by employing a return-to-zero (RZ) digital-to-analog converter (RZ DAC) in the modulator's feedback path and arranging the chopping transitions to coincide with its RZ...journal article 2018
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Chen, Peng (author), Huang, Xiongchuan (author), Chen, Y. (author), Wu, Lianbo (author), Staszewski, R.B. (author)To characterize an on-chip programmable delay in a low-cost and high-resolution manner, a built-in self-test based on a first-order &#x0394;&#x03A3; time-to-digital converter with self-calibration is proposed and implemented in TSMC 28-nm CMOS. The system is self-contained, and only one digital clock is needed for the measurements. A...journal article 2018
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Cai, Z. (author), van Veldhoven, Robert H.M. (author), Falepin, A. (author), Suy, H. (author), Sterckx, E. (author), Bitterlich, C. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author), Pertijs, M.A.P. (author)This paper reports a readout circuit for a resistive CO2 sensor, which operates by measuring the CO2-dependent thermal conductivity of air. A suspended hot-wire transducer, which acts both as a resistive heater and temperature sensor, exhibits a CO2-dependent heat loss to the surrounding air, allowing CO2 concentration to be derived from its...journal article 2016
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Kashmiri, S.M. (author)In recent years, a lot of research has been devoted to the realization of accurate integrated frequency references. A thermal-diffusivity-based (TD) frequency reference provides an alternative method of on-chip frequency generation in standard CMOS technology. A frequency-locked loop locks the output frequency of an oscillator to the accurate...doctoral thesis 2012
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Guo, F. (author)An interface circuit for a fully-integrated capacitive humidity-sensor is implemented using 0.16?m standard CMOS technology. This interface circuit is intended to be used in a smart RFID sensor platform. This thesis focuses on improving the energy-efficiency of the interface circuit. A third-order incremental delta-sigma converter based on...master thesis 2011
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Bolatkale, M. (author), Breems, LJ (author), Rutten, Robert (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)A 4 GHz third-order continuous-time ΔΣ ADC is presented with a loop filter topology that absorbs the pole caused by the input capacitance of its 4-bit quantizer and also compensates for the excess delay caused by the quantizer's latency. The ADC was implemented in 45 nm-LP CMOS and achieves 70 dB DR and -74 dBFS THD in a 125 MHz BW, while...journal article 2011
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