Vehicle-to-Grid Concept for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Hybrid-Electric Regional Trains

Hydrogen fuel cell multiple unit vehicles are acquiring a central role in the transition process towards carbon neutral trains operation in non-electrified regional railway networks. In addition to their primary role as a transport mean, these vehicles offer significant potential for applications in innovative concepts such as smart grids....

Energy model of a fuel cell hybrid-electric regional train in passenger transport service and vehicle-to-grid applications

Hydrogen fuel cell multiple unit vehicles are acquiring a central role in the transition process towards carbon neutral trains operation in non-electrified regional railway networks. In addition to their primary role as a transport mean, these vehicles offer significant potential for applications in innovative concepts such as smart grids....

An approach for sizing a PV–battery–electrolyzer–fuel cell energy system: A case study at a field lab

Hydrogen is becoming increasingly popular as a clean, secure, and affordable energy source for the future. This study develops an approach for designing a PV–battery–electrolyzer–fuel cell energy system that utilizes hydrogen as a long-term storage medium and battery as a short-term storage medium. The system is designed to supply load demand...

The effect of stacking sequence and circumferential ply drop locations on the mechanical response of type IV composite pressure vessels subjected to internal pressure: A numerical and experimental study

Type IV composite pressure vessels represent the current state-of-the-art for compressed gaseous hydrogen storage in fuel cell electric vehicles. A combination of highly demanding safety regulations and the need for cost competitive solutions make the topic of CPVs particularly challenging. Given the elevated material price of carbon fiber,...

Sizing and Control of a Hybrid Ship Propulsion System Using Multi-Objective Double-Layer Optimization

Ship hybridization has received some interests recently in order to achieve the emission target by 2050. However, designing and optimizing a hybrid propulsion system is a complicated problem. Sizing components and optimizing energy management control are coupled with each other. This paper applies a nested double-layer optimization...

The NederDrone: A hybrid lift, hybrid energy hydrogen UAV

Many Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) applications require vertical take-off and landing and very long-range capabilities. Fixed-wing aircraft need long runways to land, and electric energy is still a bottleneck for helicopters, which are not range efficient. In this paper, we introduce the NederDrone, a hybrid lift, hybrid energy hydrogen-powered...

Fuel cell electric vehicle-to-grid: Experimental feasibility and operational performance as balancing power plant

The world's future energy supply will include intermittent renewable sources, such as solar and wind power. To guarantee reliability of supply, fast-reacting, dispatchable and renewable back-up power plants are required. One promising alternative is parked and grid-connected hydrogen-powered fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) in "Vehicle-to...

Min-max control of fuel-cell-car-based smart energy systems

Recently, the idea of using fuel cell vehicles as the future way of producing electricity has emerged. A fuel cell car has all the necessary devices on board to convert the chemical energy of hydrogen into electricity. This paper considers a scenario where a parking lot for fuel cell cars acts as a virtual power plant. In order to describe the...