Optimising fleet sizing and management of shared automated vehicle (SAV) services: A mixed-integer programming approach integrating endogenous demand, congestion effects, and accept/reject mechanism impacts

Shared automated vehicles (SAV) are expected to benefit the sustainable development of urban regions and alleviate the negative impacts brought by the increasing number of private cars. In this paper, we envision a future scenario where non-pooled SAVs replace private cars and provide public on-demand mobility services to satisfy the mobility...

A mathematical programming model for optimal fleet management of electric car-sharing systems with Vehicle-to-Grid operations

Electric car-sharing systems have attracted large attention in recent years as a new business model for achieving both economic and environmental benefits in urban areas. Among different types, the one considered in this paper is the so-called one-way car-sharing system whereby a user can begin and end a trip at any station of the system. At...

A flow-based integer programming approach to design an interurban shared automated vehicle system and assess its financial viability

Shared automated vehicles (SAV) are expected to become part of on-demand transport systems in the future. In an interurban context, SAV systems may potentially contribute to significantly improve the availability and quality of public transport. In this paper, we propose a flow-based integer programming approach to design and assess the...

Exact formulation and comparison between the user optimum and system optimum solution for routing privately owned automated vehicles

The possibility of having driverless cars on the streets seems to be more real than ever. In this paper, we focus on developing exact methods that can determine the effects of privately owned automated vehicles (AVs) and how switching to those vehicles is going to change mobility in urban environments. The considered problem determines the...

An UV linear variable optical filter-based micro-spectrometer

This paper presents the design, fabrication and spectral measurements of an Ultra-Violet (UV) Linear Variable Optical Filter (LVOF)-based micro-spectrometer operating in the 300 nm–400 nm wavelength range. The UV LVOF has been fabricated in an IC-Compatible process using resist reflow. Characterization by passing monochromatic light through the...

Spectral measurement using IC-compatible linear variable optical filter

This paper reports on the functional and spectral characterization of a microspectrometer based on a CMOS detector array covered by an IC-Compatible Linear Variable Optical Filter (LVOF). The Fabry-Perot LVOF is composed of 15 dielectric layers with a tapered middle cavity layer, which has been fabricated in an IC-Compatible process using resist...