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Prosperi, A. (author), Longo, M. (author), Korswagen, Paul A. (author), Korff, M. (author), Rots, J.G. (author)In this study, 2D and 3D modelling strategies are used to represent the behaviour of historical masonry buildings on strip foundations undergoing settlements. The application focuses on a two-story building, typical of the Dutch architectural heritage. An improved 2D modelling is presented: It includes the effect of the lateral walls to...journal article 2024
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Prosperi, A. (author), Longo, M. (author), Korswagen, Paul A. (author), Korff, M. (author), Rots, J.G. (author)This study aims to investigate the damage response of unreinforced masonry (URM) façades resting on strip foundations and subjected to ground settlements via numerical models. The models depict the non-linear constitutive behaviour of both the masonry, via smeared cracking, and of the soil-foundation interaction, via nonlinear interface...journal article 2023
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Bresser, D. (author), Rots, J.G. (author), Hendriks, M.A.N. (author), Pari, M. (author)Sequentially Linear Analysis (SLA), an event-by-event solution strategy in which a sequence of scaled linear analyses with decreasing secant stiffness is performed, representing local damage increments; is a robust alternative to nonlinear finite element analysis of quasi-brittle structures. Since it is based on a fixed smeared crack...journal article 2023
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Pari, M. (author), Rots, J.G. (author)Sequentially Linear Analysis (SLA) is known for robust and reliable finite element simulations of masonry constructions, often considered challenging because of the brittle behaviour of the masonry material. Herein a sequence of scaled linear analyses is performed with decreasing secant stiffness of one integration point per analysis,...book chapter 2023
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Korswagen, Paul A. (author), Longo, M. (author), Prosperi, A. (author), Rots, J.G. (author), Terwel, K.C. (author)Historical masonry façades are sensitive to various damaging processes. A recent study, looking at the initiation and progression of cracks in masonry, in the range of 0.1 to 5 mm in width and thus corresponding to light damage [1], has allowed for the calibration of finite-element models that include a material model capable of accurately...book chapter 2023
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de Putter, Arjen (author), Hendriks, M.A.N. (author), Rots, J.G. (author), Yang, Y. (author), Engen, Morten (author), van den Bos, Ab A. (author)Nineteen 2D nonlinear finite element analysis (NLFEA) solution strategies were benchmarked against a wide variety of 101 experiments on reinforced concrete beams failing in bending, flexural shear, or shear compression. The relatively high number of solution strategies was motivated by the conviction that choices for the constitutive models,...journal article 2022
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Ferretti, Francesca (author), Jafari, S. (author), Esposito, R. (author), Rots, J.G. (author), Mazzotti, Claudio (author)The shove test (ASTM Standard C1531) is an experimental technique aimed at studying the shear-sliding behavior of brick masonry. It can be executed according to various testing methods that differ in the way the vertical compression load is applied and in the way bricks and/or joints are locally removed for inserting jacks. One of the most...journal article 2022
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Sousamli, M. (author), Messali, F. (author), Rots, J.G. (author)Plane-stress and shell macromodels are often preferred to analyze masonry structures because of their numerical efficiency. However, they often misestimate the hysteretic behavior of the structures. Additionally, due to the nature of smeared cracks, the cracks may be diffused. This article proposes a new orthotropic model, which focuses on...journal article 2022
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Fusco, Daniela (author), Messali, F. (author), Rots, J.G. (author), Addessi, Daniela (author), Pampanin, Stefano (author)Terraced houses built in the Netherland after 1980 are often characterized by the use of large units connected at corners by continuous thin layer mortar joints. Unlike the running bond pattern, usually modelled as a rigid connection, the vertical continuous connection may fail in shear and influence the global seismic capacity of the entire...journal article 2022
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Fusco, Daniela (author), Addessi, D. (author), Messali, F. (author), Rots, J.G. (author), Pampanin, S. (author)Since the 1980s, calcium silicate element masonry has been commonly used in Dutch buildings, and vertical continuous joints have been usually located at the corner of perpendicular walls. Since the shear failure of these joints may significantly reduce the seismic performance of the flanged wall and therefore of the entire building, the...journal article 2022
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Chang, L. (author), Rots, J.G. (author), Esposito, R. (author)Perforated unreinforced masonry (URM) walls in out-of-plane (OOP) two-way bending are commonly encountered in natural hazard investigations. However, related research is rather limited. This study focuses on the influence of openings on the two-way bending capacity of URM walls. An experimental database about the perforated URM walls in OOP...journal article 2022
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Pari, M. (author), van de Graaf, Anne (author), Hendriks, M.A.N. (author), Rots, J.G. (author)In the finite element modelling of masonry structures, the micro-modelling technique of differentiating the continuum into a linear elastic bulk, and interfaces representing non-linear joints is common. However, this approach of simulating cracking-crushing-shearing failure possibilities in interfaces, typical of damage in masonry, also poses...journal article 2021
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Arslan, O. (author), Messali, F. (author), Smyrou, E. (author), Bal, İ.E. (author), Rots, J.G. (author)The seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings with cavity walls is a relevant issue in many countries, such as in Central and Northern Europe, Australia, New Zealand, China and several other countries. A cavity wall consists of two separate parallel masonry walls (called leaves) connected by metal ties: an inner loadbearing wall...journal article 2021
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Fusco, Daniela (author), Messali, F. (author), Rots, J.G. (author), Addessi, Daniela (author), Pampanin, Stefano (author)In recent years, the seismic risk in the north of the Netherlands has increased due to gas extraction. Since 2014, the Delft University of Technology started a research program to assess the seismic response of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings. The Dutch URM buildings are characterized by slender piers and transverse walls. In common...conference paper 2021
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Xie, Z. (author), Sousamli, M. (author), Messali, F. (author), Rots, J.G. (author)This paper proposes a sub-step based iterative constitutive model for line interface elements used to analyse masonry structures loaded in-plane. Based on a total deformation theory, the model adopts characteristics of multi-surface plasticity, including a Coulomb friction failure surface for shear, with tension and compression cut-off and...journal article 2021
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Longo, M. (author), Sousamli, M. (author), Korswagen, Paul A. (author), van Staalduinen, P.C. (author), Rots, J.G. (author)Recent, light earthquakes induced by the extraction of gas in the north of the Netherlands have been linked to light, mostly aesthetic damage of the traditional masonry structures in the region; this is also connected to economic losses and societal unrest. To be able to accurately assess the light damage, detailed finite element models are...journal article 2021
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Chang, L. (author), Rots, J.G. (author), Esposito, R. (author)Out-of-plane (OOP) failure of unreinforced masonry (URM) walls in two-way bending was widely observed after natural hazards such as earthquakes. Of various crucial factors influencing the force capacity of URM walls in OOP two-way bending (force capacity being defined as the wall peak force in terms of pressure), the pre-compression and...journal article 2021
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D'Altri, Antonio Maria (author), Messali, F. (author), Rots, J.G. (author), Castellazzi, Giovanni (author), de Miranda, Stefano (author)In this paper, a damaging block-based model is proposed for the numerical analysis of the cyclic behaviour of full-scale masonry structures. Solid 3D finite elements governed by a plastic-damage constitutive law in tension and compression are used to model the blocks, while a cohesive-frictional contact-based formulation is developed to simulate...journal article 2019
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Pari, M. (author), Hendriks, M.A.N. (author), Rots, J.G. (author)Sequentially linear analysis (SLA), a non-incremental-iterative approach towards finite element simulation of quasi-brittle materials, is based on sequentially identifying a critical integration point in the model, to reduce its strength and stiffness, and the associated critical load multiplier (λ <sub>crit</sub> ), to scale the linear...journal article 2019
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Messali, F. (author), Rots, J.G. (author)In recent years, seismic assessment of existing unreinforced masonry (URM) structures is being increasingly based on nonlinear methods. The in-plane displacement capacity represents one of the most crucial yet still debated features of the nonlinear behaviour of URM piers. International codes often employ empirical models to estimate the pier...journal article 2018
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