The future of cardiovascular magnetic resonance: All-in-one vs. real-time (Part 1)

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) protocols can be lengthy and complex, which has driven the research community to develop new technologies to make these protocols more efficient and patient-friendly. Two different approaches to improving CMR have been proposed, specifically “all-in-one” CMR, where several contrasts and/or motion states...

Cardiac MR: From Theory to Practice

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading single cause of morbidity and mortality, causing over 17. 9 million deaths worldwide per year with associated costs of over $800 billion. Improving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of CVD is therefore a global priority. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as a clinically...

Spatially coherent diffusion of human RNA Pol II depends on transcriptional state rather than chromatin motion

Gene transcription by RNA polymerase II (RNAPol II) is a tightly regulated process in the genomic, temporal, and spatial context. Recently, we have shown that chromatin exhibits spatially coherently moving regions over the entire nucleus, which is enhanced by transcription. Yet, it remains unclear how the mobility of RNA Pol II molecules is...

Free-breathing simultaneous T₁, T₂, and T2∗ quantification in the myocardium

Purpose: To implement a free-breathing sequence for simultaneous quantification of (Formula presented.), (Formula presented.), and (Formula presented.) for comprehensive tissue characterization of the myocardium in a single scan using a multi-gradient-echo readout with saturation and (Formula presented.) preparation pulses. Methods: In the...

Ultrasound imaging of the brain using full-waveform inversion

Transcranial ultrasound has been used to image the brain since 1942. Currently, it is regaining interest and full-waveform inversion (FWI) methods are now employed to reconstruct speed-of-sound profiles of the brain. Many of these methods require a good starting model. Here, we test the applicability of contrast source inversion (CSI) as a...

Sharpness in motion corrected quantitative imaging at 7T

Sub-millimeter imaging at 7T has opened new possibilities for qualitatively and quantitatively studying brain structure as it evolves throughout the life span. However, subject motion introduces image blurring on the order of magnitude of the spatial resolution and is thus detrimental to image quality. Such motion can be corrected for, but...

Sparsity promoting algorithms for multi-component magnetic resonance parameter mapping

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used to obtain qualitative images of the human brain. Different kinds of tissues can be recognised from the different levels of contrast. Multi-echo spin-echo T 2 MR measurements can be used to obtain a quantitative map of the brain where different tissues or components can be recognised based on a...

Quantitative coating thickness determination using a coefficient-independent hyperspectral scattering model

Background<br/>Hyperspectral imaging is a technique that enables the mapping of spectral signatures across a surface. It is most commonly used for surface chemical mapping in fields as diverse as satellite remote sensing, biomedical imaging and heritage science. Existing models, such as the Kubelka-Munk theory and the Lambert-Beer law also...

Numerical assessment of concrete damage: Procedures and pitfalls

The paper focuses on the quality of predicting the damage characteristics of the loaded engineering structure by subjecting section images of cores supposedly drawn from the concrete of the structure to quantitative image analysis by sweeping test lines. Automation of this data acquisition stage is shown, generally leading to information that is...

Absolute quantitative total-body small-animal SPECT with focusing pinholes

Purpose: In pinhole SPECT, attenuation of the photon flux on trajectories between source and pinholes affects quantitative accuracy of reconstructed images. Previously we introduced iterative methods that compensate for image degrading effects of detector and pinhole blurring, pinhole sensitivity and scatter for multi-pinhole SPECT. The aim of...

Quantitative Image Analysis for Evaluating the Coating Thickness and Pore Distribution in Coated Small Particles

Purpose This study aims to develop a characterization method for coating structure based on image analysis, which is particularly promising for the rational design of coated particles in the pharmaceutical industry. Methods The method applies the MATLAB image processing toolbox to images of coated particles taken with Confocal Laser Scanning...

Labeling the pulmonary arterial tree in CT images for automatic quantification of pulmonary embolism

Contrast-enhanced CT Angiography has become an accepted diagnostic tool for detecting Pulmonary Embolism (PE). The CT obstruction index proposed by Qanadli, which is based on the number of obstructed arterial segments, enables the quantification of PE severity. Because the required manual identification of twenty arterial segments is time...

Porosity of Concrete - Morphological Study of Model Concrete

This study has developed a comprehensive methodological framework for characterizing geometrical and morphological aspects of pore space in cementitious materials and explored its application to actual cement pastes and model concretes for the purpose of predicting mechanical and transport properties of cementitious materials. The evolution of...