Fiber-Optic Pedicle Probes to Advance Spine Surgery through Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) can provide tissue feedback for pedicle screw placement in spine surgery, yet the integration of fiber optics into the tip of the pedicle probe, a device used to pierce through bone, is challenging, since the optical probing depth and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are affected negatively compared to those of...

Reflection in design education

In this article we evaluate the manner in which we at the Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment at the Delft University of Technology encourage the development of the capacity of reflection among our undergraduate students. First we explore the concept of reflection in relation to respectively experiential/reflective learning,...

Sustainability in projects requires training in managing as designing

Problems that present project managers have to deal with are more and more concerning complexity, i.e. unexpected, uncertain, unstable or unique situations. This seems also the case with sustainable building projects. It is therefore necessary that project managers are trained to deal with these problems, especially by learning from their...