A Compact Sub-1V Capacitively-Biased BJT-Based Temperature Sensor

This thesis presents the design of a low-power, sub-1V, BJT-based temperature sensor. It is based on a capacitively-biased (CB) BJT front-end, in which capacitors are discharged across diode-connected BJTs to obtain proportional-to-temperature (PTAT) and complementary-to-temperature (CTAT) voltages. These voltages are then digitised by a...

Validation and Improvement of Shading Tolearability Assessment Tool

The increasing deployment of photovoltaic (PV) modules in urban environments, often prone to shading, underscores the critical importance of selecting shading-resistant modules. Unfortunately, a standardized parameter for assessing and comparing PV module performance under shading remains absent. Currently, quantifying a module's ability to...

Energy-Efficient and Robust Cryo-CMOS Smart Temperature Sensor: A Capacitively-Biased Diode-Based Cryo-CMOS Temperature Sensor with Hybrid Voltage-Time Domain Readout

Quantum computers, mainly rely on quantum bits (qubits), which need to be operated at cryogenic temperatures. With the need for systems with thousands or even millions of qubits, the challenges of wiring and scalability become more apparent. To address this, several studies focused on the idea of fully integrated cryogenic controller systems. It...

SPAD-based Light Detection and Ranging for 3D imaging: Receiver operation and in-pixel TDC design for automotive application

In this work, a SPAD-based LiDAR system is studied. In particular, the system employs a direct time-of-flight (dToF) method to reconstruct a target-reflected pulses using histogram, from which the distance to the target is estimated. More particularly, a time correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) method has been used to record the flight...

LED-based photoacoustic imaging of the lymphatic vessels

Lymphedema is the accumulation of protein-rich fluid in the intersitium (i.e., dermal backflow (DBF)), causing swelling. It is a commonly seen due to iatrogenic damage to the lymphatics after surgical and radiotherapeutic treatment of cancer. An important microsurgical treatment is lymphovenous bypass (LVB) surgery, during which a lymphatic...

Integrated Communication and Sensing with RGB LEDs

Visible Light Communication (VLC) has gained popularity due to its inherent security as a complementary technology to Radio Frequency (RF) in the last decades to solve the "spectrum crunch'' problem. Meanwhile, The latest IEEE 802.11ah standard, also called WiFi HaLow, offers the range, throughput, and low power consumption that is extremely...

Theoretical Minimum Uncertainty of Single-Molecule Localizations Using a Single-Photon Avalanche Diode Array

Optical microscopes are fundamentally limited to a resolution of several hundreds of nanometers by the diffraction of light. Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) circumvents this limit by sparsely exciting fluorescent molecules at different time instances. Single molecules can subsequently be localized with improved precision over the...

5G mm-Wave Downconverter: Architecture for the Antenna Dome System

The commercialization of millimeter wave frequencies for the 5G New Radio standard requires time and cost -effective testing equipment. The over-the-air measurement setup developed at the TU Delft (ADome) is able to reduce measurement time, by positioning multiple fixed sensing nodes around the antenna-under-test. To expand the system...

A Bootstrapped ESD Structure for CMOS Amplifiers with femtoampere leakage current: A Bootstrapped ESD Structure for CMOS Amplifiers with femtoampere leakage current

Integrated circuits (ICs) are susceptible to damage by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), which necessitates protection diodes. However, these diodes can cause leakage currents in the range of picoamperes, dominating the input current of CMOS ICs. This thesis presents the implementation of a low leakage bootstrapped ESD protection circuit for...

Design for a TCP/IP transparent FPGA-based network diode: To what extent is it possible to implement a network diode on an FPGA under realistic network environments, using the Transmission Control Protocol?

The urgency for high-security products for industrial networks is increasing as malicious hackers are improving their accessibility tools. A common practice for a company to protect its sensitive data is network segmentation. The network is segmented in different domains with distinctive security levels. The sensitive data is stored and managed...

Introduction of Zener Diodes, JFETs and DMOSTs in a BiCMOS Process and Implementation of OTP Memory

In this research a feasibility study was performed on introducing Zener diodes, junction field-effect transistors (JFETs) and double-diffused MOS transistors (DMOSTs) in an existing silicon 0.25 μm BiCMOS process. As a restriction, no changes to the process were allowed. Lateral polysilicon Zener diodes were designed and optimized for low...

LED-based photocatalytic reactor design

As a promising technology, photocatalysis shows its unique advantages and potential in many disciplines, from hydrogen production, indoor and outdoor air purification, remediation of non-biodegradable molecular in the factory, to the organic synthesis with high selectivity. In recent years, photocatalytic semiconductor process has shown a high...

Printed graphene and silicon

Monolithic Integration of Rectifiers and Drivers for low power SSL applications on a Rigid to Flex Substrate

Solid State Lighting (SSL) is one of the prominent light sources for future lighting applications with benefits such as high energy savings, long lifetimes and high efficiency. The main drawback in solid state lighting system is that the total initial cost of the system is high for large scale production. Packaging and electronics components in...

Strategy for sustainable OLED textile development, demonstrated through applicable concepts

This graduation project has been executed in cooperation with Philips Research and Holst Centre, within the Platform for Large Area Conformable Electronics by InTegration (PLACE-it) project. The scope of the project is to identify required developments for OLED textile, to fulfill the needs of future users and minimise the environmental impact....

Light-Emitting Diode Junction-Temperature Sensing using Various Voltage/Current Measurement Techniques

Given the temperature dependence of various aspects of light-emitting diode (LED) performance, LED temperature sensing is becoming increasingly important in solid-state lighting applications. This thesis presents an electrical technique for junction-temperature sensing based on the measurement of the forward voltage and current of an LED at two...

OLED Display with Single Grain Si TFT. (SG-TFT)

OLED is a current based device, which emitted amount of light depends on the current supplied to the device so steady current flow is needed. In Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode (AMOLED) Display. TFTs are used as driving transistors for OLED. Because of the non uniformity of the TFTs, variation in threshold voltage and mobility has a...