Electrodeposited Sn-Cu-Ni alloys as lead-free solders on copper substrate using deep eutectic solvents: The influence of electrodeposition mode on the morphology, composition and corrosion behaviour

In this work we present the pulsed current (PC) electrodeposition of Sn-Cu-Ni alloy as lead-free solder candidate, from choline chloride – ethylene glycol eutectic mixtures (1:2 molar ratio) onto copper metallic substrates. Electrolytes containing Sn²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺ salts in the selected deep eutectic solvent...

Exploring the effect of the pH on the corrosion of multilayer nickel-chromium coatings

The impact of the pH on the corrosion of microporous nickel-chromium coatings has been explored at localised scale by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy and validated by potentiodynamic polarisation measurements. Results not only reveal the correlation between both techniques but also enables to identify the different corrosion rate after...

Identification of carbon-containing phases in electrodeposited hard Fe–C coatings with intentionally codeposited carbon

Electrodeposition from an environmentally friendly iron sulfate electrolyte with citric acid as carbon source has gained attention recently, because of excellent mechanical properties of the resulting Fe–C coatings with intentionally codeposited high-carbon concentrations. While being very attractive as protective coatings and sustainable...

Development and optimization of trivalent chromium electrodeposit on 304L stainless steel to improve corrosion resistance in chloride-containing environment

In this study, we developed and optimized a trivalent chromium coating electrodeposited on 304L stainless steel (SS) from a Cr-trivalent bath. The results reveal that the Cr coatings at all bath temperatures except for 80 °C showed clusters of polyhedral grains, however, the grain sizes decreased with an increase in bath temperature. Also,...

Biophysical mechanisms responsible for ultrasound neuromodulation in bilayer lipid membranes: Enabling the research that uncovers the mysterious interactions between ultrasound and neurons

Medical technology has seen great progress over the last centuries, developing increasingly more specialised therapy to benefit human health. The rise of the pharmaceutical industry and the research it drives are contributors to this success. However, in humanity's attempt to tackle more and more complex health issues, the conventional methods...

Towards OMPs Removal: Application of Visible Light Driven Heterojunction Based BiVO4/BiOI Photoanode for the Degradation of Paracetamol Demineralized Water

Currently, organic micropollutants (OMPs) are continuously and uncontrollably released into the water environment worldwide, as the reason for their special properties, OMPs removal has been a global challenge. This study focuses on acetaminophen degradation by photo-electrolysis (PEC) activities, which is one of the promising advanced oxidation...

Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction on Gas Diffusion Electrodes: A study on electro-deposited copper catalysts

Rapid industrialization and use of carbon based fuels has caused a drastic increase in the atmospheric CO₂ levels in the last few decades. The rising anthropogenic CO₂ levels pose a significant threat to the environment as evidenced by the increase in the mean global temperature levels, and the rising ocean levels. To...

Improved corrosion protection of titanium implant material by crystallographic texturing of Sr doped calcium phosphate electrodeposits

Nanocrystalline calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings can provide biocompatibility and corrosion protection to biomaterials upon implementation in the human body. While the long term stability of recently developed coatings in biological environment proves to be challenging, the present work tailors the surface by orienting the growth ...

Honeycomb-like porous 3D nickel electrodeposition for stable Li and Na metal anodes

Li and Na metals have the highest theoretical anode capacity for Li/Na batteries, but the operational safety hazards stemming from uncontrolled growth of Li/Na dendrites and unstable electrode-electrolyte interfaces hinder their real-world applications. Recently, the emergence of 3D conductive scaffolds aimed at mitigating the dendritic...

Fabrication of copper nanowires via electrodeposition in anodic aluminum oxide templates formed by combined hard anodizing and electrochemical barrier layer thinning

Anodic aluminum oxide was formed by employing mild and hard anodizing in sulfuric acid followed by mild anodizing in oxalic acid without oxide removal in-between at 40 and 45 V. Such multi-step anodizing, combining hard anodizing in sulfuric acid with mild anodizing in oxalic acid allowed to form a highly-ordered nanoporous template with a...

Electrochemical production of hydrocarbons from carbon dioxide and water

Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 is one possibility to solve the electrical energy storage problem and decrease the amount of CO2. Copper is the only metal that has been reported to produce hydrocarbons in the electrochemical CO2 reduction at ambient pressure and temperature. External parameters (potential, temperature and electrolyte), copper...

Characterization of Thin Film Photoanodes for Solar Water Splitting

For centuries, mankind has mostly used fossil fuels, i.e., natural gas, coal, and oil for its energy needs. With the fast rise of the world population and the rising standards of living in the developing countries, the amount of energy the world is going to need in the coming decades will grow enormously. Due to environmental concerns and the...

Stability regime of pulse frequency for single event electrospraying

This study demonstrates that the hydrodynamic phenomena taking place inside the capillary limits the frequency range of voltage pulses for stable single event electrospraying (SEE), when the meniscus/cone size is defined by the inner diameter of the nozzle. For the analysis of SEE, we used a one-dimensional model describing the displacement and...

Nanometer-spaced electrodes with calibrated separation

We have fabricated pairs of platinum electrodes with separation between 20 and 3.5 nm. Our technique combines electron beam lithography and chemical electrodeposition. We show that the measurement of the conductance between the two electrodes through the electrolyte provides an accurate and reproducible way to control their separation. We have...

Unique porous LiCoO2 thin layers prepared by electrostatic spray deposition