Human factors issues with airborne data link: Towards increased crew acceptance for both en-route and terminal flight operations

The experiments described had three main objectives: First, to validate the recommendations for an improved Man Machine Interface (MMI) design based on a Phase I experiment on the human factors of data link in glass cockpits. Second, to investigate the effect of directly loading data linked Air Traffic Control (ATC) instructions into the various...

Viscous-inviscid interaction, partitioned dynamical systems and i(n)te(g)ration

Time-integration methods for partitioned dynamical systems and iterative methods for viscous-inviscid interaction are unified using the language of linear algebra. In this way all expertise built up in viscous-inviscid interaction methods becomes available for the integration of partitioned dynamical systems. This report applies some well...

VISIAN: a viscous-inviscid strong-interaction analysis system

A description is given of VISIAN - a simulation method for 2-D viscous flows with strong viscous-inviscid interaction. The mathematical mode and the numerical algorithm are presented. VISIAN has been coupled with the inviscid-flow solver TRAPS. Results are shown for a number of airfoils; a comparison is made with results from other computations...

Voorontwerp methodenbestandssysteem - Preliminary design method base system

The informatics policy at NLR is focussed on providing an infrastructure for the development of information systems. A new component in the infrastructure is the method base system, designed to support the management and use of algorithm implemented in programs. The preliminary design analyses the functions of the method base system and...

Technical evaluation report on the AGARD Fluid Dynamics Panel symposium on improvement of aerodynamic performance through boundary layer control and high lift systems

The symposium demonstrated the importance of research in the area of mechanical high-lift systems for transport aircraft to improve the total performance of current transports. Computational techniques are shown to provide new tools for high-lift design. With regard to drag reduction by laminar flow control it is concluded that the information...

Compressibility and fugacity of gaseous hydrogen

The concept of fugacity is explained. Application of compressibility and fugacity data in hydrogen embrittlement calculations is discussed. Equations of state are reviewed. Compressibility factors and fugacity coefficients are calculated. A best estimate is proposed.

A quasi-simultaneous calculation method for strongly interacting viscous flow around an infinite swept wing

An outline is presented of a new code, called VISIAN, for the analysis of aerodynamic flows with strong viscous-inviscid interaction. The code is based on the recently developed quasi-simultsuieous method for the calculation of strongly interacting boundary layers. The feasibility of this method has already been demonstrated liy means of a...

Investigations of three-dimensional shock wave boundary layer interactions

Three-dimensional glancing-shock/turbulent boundary-layer interaction has been investigated at the Cranfield Institute of Technology in two separate test programmes using a 2.5 x 2.5 inch intermittent tunnel and a 9 x 9 inch inch continuous tunnel, at a Mach number of approximately 2.5. The experimental results include oil-flow pictures, vapour...

Influence of free-stream Mach number on transonic shock-wave boundary-layer interaction

An experiment is described in which a nominal normal shock impinges on a turbulent flat plate boundary layer. The wall pressure distribution in the interaction region was measured for Mach numbers in front of the shock of 1.40, 1.44 and 1.46. The Reynolds number based on shock position was 18 X 10(6) and based on momentum thickness at the start...

Glancing interaction with turbulent boundary layer

Starting in 1946 as the College of Aeronautics, the Cranfield Institute of Technology was granted university status in 1969. In 1993 it changed its name to Cranfield University.

Application of fracture mechanics in designing built-up sheet structures

Past experience has shown that during the operational life of an aircraft structure cracks or failures may arise in different structural components. In future designs the designer must be able on the one hand to restrict the occurrence of cracks by a careful detail design and on the other hand to guarantee some specified life of the aircraft if...

A model for the calculation of the properties of a jet in a three dimensional non-uniform main flow

A model is derived for the calculation of the properties of a jet exhausting into a non-uniform main flow, at an arbitrary angle to the initial jet direction. The model is a generalisation of an earlier jet-ina-main flow model for uniform main flows. Semi empirical input is limited to an entrainment relation and a relation for form factors of...

A potential flow model for the flow field induced by a jet exhausting into a uniform cross flow

A novel method is presented for the calculation of the flow field induced by a turbulent jet exhausting into a uniform cross flow. Outside the jet boimdary, potential flow is assumed. The jet effects are represented by a source distribution on the jet boundary. The boundary conditions on the jet boundary (normal velocity) are calculated from a...