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Van den Ende, D.A. (author), Fischer, H.R. (author), Groen, W.A. (author), Van der Zwaag, S. (author)The meso-scale surface roughness of piezoelectric fiber composites can be manipulated by applying an electric field to a piezocomposite with a polished surface. In the absence of an applied voltage, the tips of the embedded piezoelectric ceramic fibers are below the surface of the piezocomposite and a silicon wafer counter surface rests solely...journal article 2013
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On the surface roughness development of hydrogenated amorphous silicon deposited at low growth ratesWank, M.A. (author), Van Swaaij, R.A.C.M.M. (author), Van de Sanden, M.C.M. (author)The surface roughness evolution of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films has been studied using in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry for a temperature range of 150–400?°C. The effect of external rf substrate biasing on the coalescence phase is discussed and a removal/densification of a hydrogen-rich layer is suggested to explain the...journal article 2009
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Kong, J. (author), LeRoy, B.J. (author), Lemay, S.G. (author), Dekker, C. (author)We have developed a fabrication process for incorporating a gate electrode into suspended single-walled carbon nanotube structures for scanning tunneling spectroscopy studies. The nanotubes are synthesized by chemical vapor deposition directly on a metal surface. The high temperature (800?°C) involved in the growth process poses challenging...journal article 2005
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Van Geenhuizen, M.S. (author), Nijkamp, P. (author)Smart high-tech companies are characterized by knowledge intensity and open innovation. Even when these companies emerge in spatial clusters or dense urban places, they may utilize knowledge networks on a global scale. However, there is not much insight into the factors that shape knowledge networks, the role of virtualization herein and the...journal article 2011
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Hari, S. (author), Hagen, C.W. (author), Verduin, T. (author), Kruit, P. (author)In a first study to analyze the feasibility of electron beam-induced deposition (EBID) for creating certain patterns in advanced lithography, line patterns were fabricated on silicon wafers using EBID. The growth conditions were such that the growth rate is fully determined by the electron flux (the current limited growth regime). It is...journal article 2014
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Van Maren, D.S. (author), Winterwerp, J.C. (author), Vroom, J. (author)Deepening of estuarine tidal channels often leads to tidal amplification and increasing fine sediment import. Increasing fine sediment import, in turn, may lower the hydraulic drag (due to a smoother muddy bed and/or sediment-induced damping of turbulence), and therefore, further strengthen tidal amplification, setting in motion a process in...journal article 2015
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Huang, Y. (author), Pandraud, G. (author), Sarro, P.M. (author)TiO2 is an interesting and promising material for micro-/nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS). For high performance and reliable MEMS/NEMS, optimization of the optical characteristics, mechanical stress, and especially surface smoothness of TiO2 is required. To overcome the roughness issue of the TiO2 films due to crystallization during...journal article 2012
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Rodriguez-Abudo, S. (author), Foster, D.L. (author), Henriquez, M. (author)Observations of the spatially dependent velocity field over movable bed forms subjected to slightly skewed and asymmetric regular wave forcing were collected. The dynamics between the ripple elements is dominated by coherent vortices, characterized by the swirling strength, and evidenced in the temporal and spectral characterization. Within the...journal article 2013
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Vermaas, D.A. (author), Uijttewaal, W.S.J. (author), Hoitink, A.J.F. (author)Research on lateral exchange of streamwise momentum between parallel flows in open channels has mainly been focused on compound channels composed of a main channel and a floodplain, on mixing layer development downstream of river confluences, and on partially vegetated channels. This study aims to establish the mechanisms responsible for...journal article 2011
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Kessels, M.J.H. (author), Bijkerk, F. (author), Tichelaar, F.D. (author), Verhoeven, J. (author)We developed and demonstrate an analysis method in which we calibrate the intensity scale of cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using Cu K? reflectometry. This results in quantitative in-depth density profiles of multilayer structures. Only three free parameters are needed to obtain the calibrated profiles, corresponding to...journal article 2005
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Lazic, I. (author), Ikonic, Z. (author), Milanovic, V. (author), Kelsall, R.W. (author), Indjin, D. (author), Harrison, P. (author)An electron transport model in n-Si/SiGe quantum cascade or superlattice structures is described. The model uses the electronic structure calculated within the effective-mass complex-energy framework, separately for perpendicular (Xz) and in-plane (Xxy) valleys, the degeneracy of which is lifted by strain, and additionally by size quantization....journal article 2007
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Tomas, J.M. (author), Pourquie, M.J.B.M. (author), Jonker, H.J.J. (author)Large-eddy simulations (LES) are used to investigate the effect of stable stratification on rural-to-urban roughness transitions. Smooth-wall turbulent boundary layers are subjected to a generic urban roughness consisting of cubes in an in-line arrangement. Two line sources of pollutant are added to investigate the effect on pollutant dispersion...journal article 2016
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Chen, Q. (author), Jia, L. (author), Hutjes, R. (author), Menenti, M. (author)Most land surface models require information on aerodynamic roughness length and its temporal and spatial variability. This research presents a practical approach for determining the aerodynamic roughness length at fine temporal and spatial resolution over the landscape by combining remote sensing and ground measurements. The basic framework of...journal article 2015
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Van Spengen, W.M. (author)In this paper a model is presented that describes the distribution of adhesion values typically experimentally observed for different MEMS devices that have been fabricated in the same way. This spread is attributed to the fact that different devices differ in the details of their surface roughness, even if these surface roughnesses are modeled...journal article 2015
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Verduin, T. (author), Kruit, P. (author), Hagen, C.W. (author)We investigated the off-line metrology for line edge roughness (LER) determination by using the discrete power spectral density (PSD). The study specifically addresses low-dose scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images in order to reduce the acquisition time and the risk of resist shrinkage. The first attempts are based on optimized elliptic...journal article 2014
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Lambot, S. (author), Antoine, M. (author), Vanclooster, M. (author), Slob, E.C. (author)We report on a laboratory experiment that investigates the effect of soil surface roughness on the identification of the soil electromagnetic properties from full-wave inversion of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data in the frequency domain. The GPR system consists of an ultrawide band stepped-frequency continuous-wave radar combined with an off...journal article 2006
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di Biase, V. (author), Kuschnerus, M. (author), Lindenbergh, R.C. (author)In recent years, our knowledge of coastal environments has been enriched by remotely sensed data. In this research, we co-analyse two sensor systems: Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). To successfully extract information from a combination of different sensors systems, it should be understood how...journal article 2022
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Iannini, L. (author), Comite, D. (author), Pierdicca, N. (author), Lopez Dekker, F.J. (author)Bistatic scattering from rough surfaces is typically approached through the analysis of the scattered field in the conventional H and V polarization basis, which coincides with the zenith and azimuth unit vectors in a spherical reference frame. This study delves into the impacts of different choices of the transmit and receive linear basis on...journal article 2022
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Murugesan, Yaswanth (author), Parayil Venugopalan, S. (author), Nicola, L. (author)Contact between elastic bodies with self-affine rough surfaces is mostly studied with a focus on determining surface fields, despite body fields are of great importance to establish, for instance, when and where elasticity breaks down. This work aims at analyzing the effect of contact roughness on the body fields of compressible frictionless...journal article 2021
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Feng, W. (author), Pavlovic, M. (author)Design and execution of fatigue load dominated circular hollow section (CHS) multi-membered structures, such as offshore jacket and floating structures for wind turbines, truss bridges, etc., is hinged on fatigue performance of critical welded joints. An innovative jointing technology of wrapped composite joint connects steel hollow sections by...journal article 2021