Optogenetic Control of Bacterial Cell-Cell Adhesion Dynamics: Unraveling the Influence on Biofilm Architecture and Functionality

The transition of bacteria from an individualistic to a biofilm lifestyle profoundly alters their biology. During biofilm development, the bacterial cell-cell adhesions are a major determinant of initial microcolonies, which serve as kernels for the subsequent microscopic and mesoscopic structure of the biofilm, and determine the resulting...

A novel supply chain network evolving model under random and targeted disruptions

Due to the fact that there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of how the dynamic nature of supply chain networks (SCNs) interrelates with network structures, particularly network topologies under disruptions. This research employs a novel evolving model of a supply chain network (SCNE model) by modifying the Barabási and Albert (BA)...

High temperature viscoplastic deformation behavior of sintered nanocopper paste used in power electronics packaging: Insights from constitutive and multi-scale modelling

As a promising technology for high-power and high-temperature power electronics packaging, nanocopper (nanoCu) paste sintering has recently received increasing attention as a die-attachment. The high-temperature deformation of sintered nanoCu paste and its underlying mechanisms challenge the reliability of high-power electronics packaging. In...

A Framework to Evaluate Aircraft Trajectory Generation Methods

Aircraft trajectory generation is a widely addressed problem with applications including emergency trajectory generation, collision risk models, air traffic flow and capacity management or airspace design. State of the art methods to generate individual trajectories and optimise some performance or emergency criterion may lack of realism with...

Dynamic and interactive re-formulation of multi-objective optimization problems for conceptual architectural design exploration

Simulation-Based Multi-Objective Optimization (SBMOO) methods are being increasingly used in conceptual architectural design. They mostly focus on the solving, rather than the re-formulation, of a Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO) problem. However, Optimization Problem Re-Formulation (Re-OPF) is necessary for treating ill-defined conceptual...

Multiple linear regression and thermodynamic fluctuations are equivalent for computing thermodynamic derivatives from molecular simulation

Partial molar properties are of fundamental importance for understanding properties of non-ideal mixtures. Josephson and co-workers (Mol. Phys. 2019, 117, 3589–3602) used least squares multiple linear regression to obtain partial molar properties in open constant-pressure ensembles. Assuming composition-independent partial molar properties...

Using Vine Copulas to Generate Representative System States for Machine Learning

The increasing uncertainty that surrounds electricity system operation renders security assessment a highly challenging task; the range of possible operating states expands, rendering traditional approaches based on heuristic practices and ad hoc analysis obsolete. In turn, machine learning can be used to construct surrogate models...

High-Speed Distance Relaying of the Entire Length of Transmission Lines without Signaling

Short-circuit faults close to either end of a transmission line, are normally cleared instantaneously by the distance relay at that end and after hundreds of milliseconds, i.e., in Zone 2 operating time, by the relay at the opposite end of the line. This sequential tripping can be accelerated on condition that a reliable communication link is...

Visualized study of thermochemistry assisted steam flooding to improve oil recovery in heavy oil reservoir with glass micromodels

Steam channeling, one serious problem in the process of steam flooding in heavy oil reservoir, decreases the sweep efficiency of steam to cause a lower oil recovery. Viscosity reducer and nitrogen foam, two effective methods to improve oil recovery with different mechanism, present a satisfactory result after steam flooding. In this article,...

Reliability Prediction of Integrated LED Lamps with Electrolytic Capacitor-Less LED Drivers

This chapter investigates the reliability of the integrated LED lamps with electrolytic capacitor-less LED drivers. Firstly, the impact of the interaction between the degradations of the LED light source and the driver on the lumen depreciation is studied. The electronic-thermal simulation was carried out to obtain the history of temperatures of...

The Lifetime Prediction of LED Drivers and Lamps

Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) have become a very promising alternative lighting source with the main advantages of a longer lifetime and a higher efficiency than traditional ones. However, the LED lamp’s lifetime is compromised by its driver’s reliability. Although extensive studies have been made on the reliability of LEDs, the research on the...

A novel lifetime prediction for integrated LED lamps by electronic-thermal simulation

In this paper, an integrated LED lamp with an electrolytic capacitor-free driver is considered to study the coupling effects of both LED and driver's degradations on lamp's lifetime. An electrolytic capacitor-less buck-boost driver is used. The physics of failure (PoF) based electronic thermal simulation is carried out to simulate the lamp's...

A Reliability Prediction for Integrated LED Lamp with Electrolytic Capacitor-Free Driver

This paper studies the interaction of catastrophic failure of the driver and LED luminous flux decay for an integrated LED lamp with an electrolytic capacitor-free LED driver. Electronic thermal simulations are utilized to obtain the lamp's dynamic history of temperature and current for two distinct operation modes: constant current mode (CCM...

Micro Ramps in Supersonic Turbulent Boundary Layers: An experimental and numerical study

The micro vortex generator (MVG) is used extensively in low speed aerodynamic problems and is now extended into the supersonic flow regime to solve undesired flow features that are associated with shock wave boundary layer interactions (SWBLI) such as flow separation and associated unsteadiness of the interaction system. Numerous experimental...