Multiscale Temporal Response of Salt Intrusion to Transient River and Ocean Forcing

Salt intrusion in surface waters endangers freshwater availability, influences water quality, and affects estuarine ecosystem services with high economic and social values. Salt transport and the resulting salinity distributions result from the non-linear interactions between salt and water dynamics. Estuaries are often considered under ...

A Rapid Method for Modeling Transient River Response Under Stochastic Controls With Applications to Sea Level Rise and Sediment Nourishment

Recent analysis of equilibrium and quasi-equilibrium channel geometry in engineered (fixed-width) rivers has successfully shown that two temporal scales can be distinguished, with quasi-static (long-term) and dynamic (short-term) components. This distinction is based on the fact that channel slope cannot keep pace with short-term fluctuations...

Electrothermal actuators for SiO₂ photonic MEMS

This paper describes the design, fabrication and characterization of electrothermal bimorph actuators consisting of polysilicon on top of thick (>10 μm ) silicon dioxide beams. This material platform enables the integration of actuators with photonic waveguides, producing mechanically-flexible photonic waveguide structures that are...

An energy-efficient readout circuit for resonant sensors based on ring-down measurement

This paper presents an energy-efficient readout circuit for resonant sensors that operates based on a transient measurement method. The resonant sensor is driven at a frequency close to its resonance frequency by an excitation source that can be intermittently disconnected, causing the sensor to oscillate at its resonance frequency with...

Aircraft design loads due to non-stationary atmospheric turbulence patches

In this report it is assumed that atmospheric turbulence appears in patches and that within the patches the turbulence can be described.as a modulated Gaussian process. The patch lengths have a certain probability density function. Load exceedance curves and design loads for various aircraft models for this turbulence model are compared with...

Equations for the response of an airplane to non-stationary atmospheric turbulence patches

In this report a method is described to calculate the load exceedance curve for a linear system having a finite, modulated Gaussian process as input. The derivation is based on the use of ensemble averages, defined as the expected values at a certain point of time. The equations can be used for any airplane-transfer function for which the Power...