Importance of demand modelling in network water quality models: A review

Today, there is a growing interest in network water quality modelling. The water quality issues of interest relate to both dissolved and particulate substances. For dissolved substances the main interest is in residual chlorine and (microbiological) contaminant propagation; for particulate substances it is in sediment leading to discolouration....

EXIT Chart Analysis of Iterative Demodulation and Decoding of MPSK Constellations with Signal Space Diversity

Bit interleaved coded modulation (BICM) schemes have been shown to increase the diversity order. This paper studies the extension of such schemes with iterative demodulation and decoding (ID) using error correcting codes coupled with rotated MPSK signal constellations with different symbol mappings and signal space diversity (SSD). Using...

Removal of both dissolved and particulate iron from groundwater

Iron is the primary source for discolouration problems in the drinking water distribution system. The removal of iron from groundwater is a common treatment step in the production of drinking water. Even when clear water meets the drinking water standards, the water quality in the distribution system can deteriorate due to settling of iron ...

Assessing Management Regimes in Transboundary River Basins: Do They Support Adaptive Management?

River basin management is faced with complex problems that are characterized by uncertainty and change. In transboundary river basins, historical, legal, and cultural differences add to the complexity. The literature on adaptive management gives several suggestions for handling this complexity. It recognizes the importance of management regimes...