The Paraná Delta, a vital component of the La Plata river basin, is facing severe environmental degradation due to human activities and external pressures. This thesis explores the adaptive capacity of the deltaic system and stakeholders in the ‘Los Pájaros y sus Pueblos Libres’ reserve (LPPL), aiming to propose a strategy for sustainable development of the delta as a whole. The study aims to investigate biophysical processes, governmental policies, and socio-economic and cultural characteristics related to the delta and to propose a strategy for enhancing and promoting sustainable development in the region. A thorough literature review has been conducted regarding relevant existing research and data collection has primarily relied on desk research, (GIS-)data sourcing, and policy documents. Additionally, interviews with experts have been conducted and a thorough site visit has been undertaken. The results of the research contribute to the understanding of the ecological value of deltas and reveal the critical environmental degradation and diminishing ecosystem services specifically in the LPPL area in the Paraná Delta. The thesis emphasizes the importance of adopting a multifaceted and integrated approach that addresses the challenges faced by the delta. It underscores the significance of developing an adaptation plan based on NBS and strongly considering and reviving local knowledge for socially and culturally acceptable solutions. Stakeholder engagement emerges as a crucial factor in fostering collaborations and partnerships that promote a collective system of care and enable sustainable practices. The proposed strategy also advocates for localized interventions that can serve as a driving force for positive change in the entire delta. Sustainable tourism is identified as a strategic tool for conservation and regeneration, raising awareness about the delta’s ecological value and diversifying the existing local economic model greatly dependent on intensive agricultural practices and responsible for the loss of ecosystems. Finally, the thesis challenges the existing conservation framework and proposes a more flexible and adaptive approach that recognizes the interconnectedness of the delta and its surrounding areas.

‘Down to Earth’ proposes regenerative soil as the foundation of an innovative bio-based region in South Holland, that connects society and economy on all scales while restoring ecological systems. Agricultural Practices that have heavily relied on tilling and the heavy use of chemical fertilizers has reduced the quality of the topsoil compromising both food security and the carbon sequestration capacity of the soil. Additionally, Industries along the port of Rotterdam that is heavily dependent on fossil fuel have polluted the land it is based on and emitted large amounts of carbon. The most powerful technology we have at hand to draw down this carbon load is healthy soil that can support plant life and micro-organisms naturally.

The strategy proposed in this report focuses on retaining the economic prosperity of South Holland while remediating the soil that supports it. Based on an understanding of the current land uses in South Holland and the level of disruption it causes to the natural systems within the soil, the region has been abstracted into pixels. Each spatial type would have a specific intervention that focuses on keeping the soil in it open and alive.

These interventions are further strengthened by creating links that support the exchange of biodegradable material and clean energy between stakeholders. This would serve as an additional economic incentive to support the pressing need to mitigate environmental damage. The guiding principles that make this transition possible include renewable energy generation, eco-sensitive development, nature-based solutions, valorization of biodegradable waste, and using policies to change consumer patterns and reformulate development trends. The proposal, along with the layers of soil data that support it is a case of why soil remediation through bio-based economic activity is vital to sustainable growth and a vision of what development within planetary boundaries would include.