The European Union aims to reduce its emissions by 55% in 2030 compared to 1990 levels, requiring massive investment in the economy and society. Knowing the level of investment to be made is key to understanding the macroeconomic impact of the transition, creating investment policies and prioritizing sectors.  However, in the transport sector, accounting for around 30% of the total EU CO2 emissions, no independent assessment of the investment needs has been found. In this master thesis, the level of gross investments required for meeting 2030 transport policies at the European scale is estimated and compared to the historical level. The results show that between 2024 and 2030, making EU targets in the transport sector requires 253 billion euros of investments per year, or 1.6% of the EU GDP. When compared to the current level, 42% of the yearly investment needs are already met. It leaves an investment gap—defined as the extra investment necessary compared to the current level - of 147 billion euros, or 0.9% of the EU GDP. The results show that European policies for generalizing electric vehicles in 2030 were missing ambition compared to climate target. This thesis is also a use case for using the investment gap as an indicator for monitoring policies. Through the proxy of investment, the implementation of the European transport policy can be tracked.