The potential of demand side as a frequency reserve proposes interesting opportunity in handling imbalances due to intermittent renewable energy sources. This paper proposes a novel approach for computing the parameters of a stochastic battery model representing the aggregation of Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs). A hysteresis based non-disruptive control is used using priority stack algorithm to track the reference regulation signal. The parameters of admissible ramp-rate and the charge limits of the battery are dynamically calculated using the information from TCLs that is the status (on/off), availability and relative temperature distance till the switching boundary. The approach builds on and improves on the existing research work by providing a straight-forward mechanism for calculation of stochastic parameters of equivalent battery model. The effectiveness of proposed approach is demonstrated by a test case having a large number of residential TCLs tracking a scaled down real frequency regulation signal.@en

The rise in the intermittent power generation from renewables shall increase the secondary frequency reserve requirements in the future power system. Complimenting the support from the generators in providing frequency reserve, the active demand response can result in a cost effective contribution to this resource. Among demand response resources, the thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) connected to the medium voltage networks poses an interesting potential. This work develops a co-simulation environment for the TCLs based demand side management scheme that can be used to assess the network impacts of using this service. An equivalent battery model with dynamic charging rate limits models the TCL aggregation and tracks a realistic frequency regulation signal. The co-simulation platform is tested for the IEEE 119 node distribution test feeder.@en