We investigate the shock-induced turbulent mixing between a light and a heavy gas, where a Richtmyer-Meshkov instability (RMI) is initiated by a shock wave with Mach number Ma = 1.5. The prescribed initial conditions define a deterministic multimode interface perturbation between the gases, which can be imposed exactly for different simulation codes and resolutions to allow for quantitative comparison. Wellresolved large-eddy simulations are performed using two different and independently developed numerical methods with the objective of assessing turbulence structures, prediction uncertainties and convergence behaviour. The two numerical methods differ fundamentally with respect to the employed subgrid-scale regularisation, each representing state-of-the-art approaches to RMI. Unlike previous studies, the focus of the present investigation is to quantify the uncertainties introduced by the numerical method, as there is strong evidence that subgrid-scale regularisation and truncation errors may have a significant effect on the linear and nonlinear stages of the RMI evolution. Fourier diagnostics reveal that the larger energy-containing scales converge rapidly with increasing mesh resolution and thus are in excellent agreement for the two numerical methods. Spectra of gradient-dependent quantities, such as enstrophy and scalar dissipation rate, show stronger dependences on the small-scale flow field structures as a consequence of truncation error effects, which for one numerical method are dominantly dissipative and for the other dominantly dispersive. Additionally, the study reveals details of various stages of RMI, as the flow transitions from large-scale nonlinear entrainment to fully developed turbulent mixing. The growth rates of the mixing zone widths as obtained by the two numerical methods are ~t7/12 before re-shock and ~(t - t0)2/7 long after re-shock. The decay rate of turbulence kinetic energy is consistently ~(t-t0)-10/7 at late times, where the molecular mixing fraction approaches an asymptotic limit ≈ 0.85. The anisotropy measure.@en

We present results of well-resolved direct numerical simulations (DNS) of the turbulent flow evolving from Richtmyer-Meshkov instability (RMI) in a shock-tube with square cross section. The RMI occurs at the interface between a mixture of O2 and N2 (light gas) and SF6 and acetone (heavy gas). The interface between the light and heavy gas is accelerated by a Ma = 1.5 planar shock wave. RMI is triggered by a well-defined multimodal initial disturbance at the interface. The DNS exhibit grid-resolution independent statistical quantities and support the existence of a Kolmogorov-like inertial range with a k-5/3 scaling unlike previous simulations found in the literature. The results are in excellent agreement with the experimental data of Weber et al. ["Turbulent mixing measurements in the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability," Phys. Fluids24, 074105 (2012)]10.1063/1.4733447.@en

In this study we present direct numerical simulation results of the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability (RMI) initiated by Ma=1.05,Ma=1.2, and Ma=1.5 shock waves interacting with a perturbed planar interface between air and SF6. At the lowest shock Mach number the fluids slowly mix due to viscous diffusion, whereas at the highest shock Mach number the mixing zone becomes turbulent. When a minimum critical Taylor microscale Reynolds number is exceeded, an inertial range spectrum emerges, providing further evidence of transition to turbulence. The scales of turbulent motion, i.e., the Kolmogorov length scale, the Taylor microscale, and the integral length, scale are presented. The separation of these scales is found to increase as the Reynolds number is increased. Turbulence statistics, i.e., the probability density functions of the velocity and its longitudinal and transverse derivatives, show a self-similar decay and thus that turbulence evolving from RMI is not fundamentally different from isotropic turbulence, though nominally being only isotropic and homogeneous in the transverse directions.@en

We quantify initial-data uncertainties on a shock accelerated heavy-gas cylinder by two-dimensional well-resolved direct numerical simulations. A high-resolution compressible multicomponent flow simulation model is coupled with a polynomial chaos expansion to propagate the initial-data uncertainties to the output quantities of interest. The initial flow configuration follows previous experimental and numerical works of the shock accelerated heavy-gas cylinder.We investigate three main initialdata uncertainties, (i) shock Mach number, (ii) contamination of SF6 with acetone, and (iii) initial deviations of the heavy-gas region from a perfect cylindrical shape. The impact of initial-data uncertainties on the mixing process is examined. The results suggest that the mixing process is highly sensitive to input variations of shock Mach number and acetone contamination. Additionally, our results indicate that the measured shock Mach number in the experiment of Tomkins et al. ["An experimental investigation of mixing mechanisms in shock-accelerated flow," J. Fluid. Mech. 611, 131 (2008)] and the estimated contamination of the SF6 region with acetone [S. K. Shankar, S. Kawai, and S. K. Lele, "Two-dimensional viscous flow simulation of a shock accelerated heavy gas cylinder," Phys. Fluids 23, 024102 (2011)] exhibit deviations from those that lead to best agreement between our simulations and the experiment in terms of overall flow evolution.@en

Two-dimensional simulations of the single-mode Richtmyer-Meshkov instability (RMI) are conducted and compared to experimental results of Jacobs and Krivets (2005 Phys. Fluids 17 034105). The employed adaptive central-upwind sixth-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) scheme (Hu et al 2010 J. Comput. Phys. 229 8952-65) introduces only very small numerical dissipation while preserving the good shock-capturing properties of other standard WENO schemes. Hence, it is well suited for simulations with both small-scale features and strong gradients. A generalized Roe average is proposed to make the multicomponent model of Shyue (1998 J. Comput. Phys. 142 208-42) suitable for high-order accurate reconstruction schemes. A first sequence of single-fluid simulations is conducted and compared to the experiment. We find that the WENO-CU6 method better resolves small-scale structures, leading to earlier symmetry breaking and increased mixing. The first simulation, however, fails to correctly predict the global characteristic structures of the RMI. This is due to a mismatch of the post-shock parameters in single-fluid simulations when the pre-shock states are matched with the experiment. When the post-shock parameters are matched, much better agreement with the experimental data is achieved. In a sequence of multifluid simulations, the uncertainty in the density gradient associated with transition between the fluids is assessed. Thereby the multifluid simulations show a considerable improvement over the single-fluid simulations.@en

We present numerical simulations of a reacting shock-bubble interaction with detailed chemistry. The interaction of the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability (RMI) and shock-induced ignition of a stoichiometric H2-O2 gas mixture are investigated. Different initial pressures in the range of po = 0.25-0.75 atm at a constant shock wave Mach number of Ma = 2.30 trigger different reaction wave types (deflagration and detonation). Low pressure reactions are dominated by H, O, OH production and high pressure chemistry is driven by HO2 and H2O2. The reaction wave type is crucial for the spatial and temporal evolution of the bubble. The RMI and subsequent Kelvin Helmholtz instabilities show a high reaction sensitivity. Mixing is significantly reduced by both types of reaction waves, with detonation waves showing the strongest effect.@en