Standard-setting organizations (SSOs) establish goal-directed networks for innovators to jointly shape technology and markets through standards. The degree to which this can succeed depends to a large extent on network characteristics, which may differ substantially between SSOs. Many technological fields face intense competition between SSOs. Choosing the right one is thus a key strategic decision for innovators. Simultaneously, SSOs must reflect members’ preferences in their network set-ups and governance. Yet, little is known about these preferences. Based on extant literature, we derive hypotheses about how three themes of network attributes (membership base, rules, transaction costs) and contextual factors drive decision makers’ preferences. We conduct a comprehensive choice experiment with 141 standardization professionals in the Internet of Things field. Based on our data, we provide a more realistic indication of what firms value in SSOs than has been previously available. We also discuss our results’ implications for studying networks in other contexts.@en

Standardisation is key to shaping new technologies and supporting major ongoing trends, such as the increased importance of platforms, developing 'smart' technologies and innovating large-scale complex systems. Standardisation plays a key role in shaping the rules that govern these developments and their effects on society. Due to the large variety of actors involved in these trends, the associated standardisation processes are likely to involve all three modes of standardisation identified in the literature: committee-based, market-based and government-based. This multi-mode standardisation challenges the theoretical views on standardisation which predominantly focus on one of the modes. In this paper, we review the existing literatures on individual modes and on multi-mode standardisation. By recombining existing evidence, we generate new insights into multi-mode standardisation processes. These first insights relate to the contributions that each mode can make to such processes' outcomes and suggest that their impact depends on factors, such as their initiation's timing and the institutional context in which the standardisation process occurs. Moreover, we consider the conditions under which actors can launch each mode. Based on our observations, we formulate an agenda for future research to obtain a better understanding of multi-mode standardisation. We offer recommendations for industry actors, NGOs, researchers and policy makers involved in shaping technological and societal change.

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The ISO 9001standard has been implemented by more than one million organizations in 187 countries, and a substantial number of these organizations aim at achieving product innovation. However, it is still not clear whether ISO 9001 fosters or hinders product innovation, because so far there has been littlescientific discussion. Moreover, the conclusions of the studies about the influence of ISO 9001on product innovation are partly contradictory. This paper aims to solve this controversy and to contribute to the theory by reviewing the literature about the impact of ISO 9001on product innovation and by developinga framework which can guide future research.This paper also aims to contribute to practice by helping managers understand the relationship between ISO 9001 and product innovation better. We propose that the relationship between ISO 9001 and radical and incremental product innovation performance is influenced by the extent to which the standard has been adopted, the extent of signaling, the motivation of the company to implement the ISO 9001standard, the sector and the region in which the company operates, the size of the company, and the standard version (1987, 1994 / 2000, 2008 / 2015).@en