The presence of instream and riparian vegetation significantly affects the flow field of rivers, which in turn impacts sediment transport (Vargas-Luna et al., 2016, Calvani et al., 2023). Few studies, however, have investigated the interaction between horizontal flow structure and suspended sediment transport. Hamidifar (2019) conducted a flume experiment investigating the flow field structure in a halfvegetated channel configuration and found strong horizontal vortices. Other experimental works observed the strong transverse sediment transport process along the interface area between vegetation and open channel (Box et al., 2018; Xu et al., 2022). As for numerical simulations, few studies focus on the reproduction of the physical processes between the partially channel vegetated flow and suspended solids. The present simulation studies mainly focus on the small-scale large eddy simulation model, which has not been applied in practice (Wang et al. 2021). This study focuses on the effect of horizontal viscosity models on the simulation of suspended solid transport in a partly vegetated channel in the most applied Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes model. Three viscosity models: the constant model, the Elder model, and the Hybrid viscosity model are applied to reproduce an experimental work selected from the literature.

Working as natural filter, well-designed vegetation schemes have been widely applied to improve the quality of water (Aiona, 2013; Stefanakis, 2015). Proper design, however, requires appropriate physics-based modelling of their filtering capacity. Several theoretical models predicting sediment transport in vegetated flow have been proposed: Baptist (2005); Yang and Nepf (2018); Wu et. al. (2021); Tseng and Tinoco (2021); Yagci and Strom (2022); Wang et. al. (2023). Some of them have been implemented in numerical tools (e.g. Caponi et al., 2022; Li et al., 2022) and in particular in Delft 3D (Deltares, 2014). However, they have been mostly designed and verified based on bedload processes, and their performance for suspended load should be further investigated.
This work compares different approaches on their ability to reproduce the effects of vegetation on suspended solids concentration in two-dimensional models built in Delft3D. The work focuses on emerging vegetation, represented as rigid cylinders, and sediment deposition. Comparisons are based on the ability to reproduce flume experiments available in the literature by analysing both flow field and sediment deposition results.