In times when robustness and optimisation have become some of the guiding principles of design, it is clear that instant problem-solving solutions prove to be insufficient as long-term resilience strategies. In this context, ambiguity is seen as an alternative approach to answering the issues of adaptability and flexibility of delta conditions that accepts the open-ended nature of its complex processes, while challenging the issues of disciplinary interiority and human-centred design.

The preliminary research is focused on spatial, sensual, as well as semantic ambiguity and consequently explores architecture’s capacity to challenge perspectives, habits, and intentions. The subsequent design project employs ambiguity as a design resource to address the water-related issues of industry, recreation, and biodiversity in the delta city of Rotterdam.