Brutalism is an architectural movement that, since its emergence in the 1950s, has consistently been a topic of debate. Although there has been a renewed appreciation for brutalism in recent years, there is still structures that remain at risk of demolition.
This is the case for Bellevue in The Hague, which will be replaced by two 180-meter towers. However, the project faces significant challenges: for more than five years, it has generated ongoing debate among local residents and the city council. Concerns have been raised about the height of the towers, their impact on the park and the removal of historic facades. As of today, it remains uncertain when demolition and construction will begin.
This raises questions whether alternatives to the existing proposals may exist. Is it necessary to demolish Bellevue, or does it still hold potential for adaptation?
This project shows how Bellevue can be transformed into a mixed-use structure while maintaining its brutalist character. This highlights not only Bellevue's potential, but also that of brutalist buildings more broadly, which are often considered dysfunctional or outdated.
Bellevue is unique in that it is not a building with brutalist elements, but embodies all aspects and aesthetics that make brutalism distinct. Demolition would therefore be a loss, but most importantly, unnecessary, as a transformation can deliver the same programmatic value as the proposed towers, including new housing and public functions.
Although the project will not achieve the same level of density of the towers, it will support the preservation of historic and unique buildings that are unlikely to return. Besides, the transformation offers a more appropriate and well-integrated approach within the urban landscape.
The design demonstrates that it is unnecessary to use full glass facades or completely cover the exterior of Bellevue with glass. Instead, specific interventions—such as voids, balconies, and an internal facade—allow the preservation of existing facade elements while still providing adequate daylight and living quality.
A contrasting, transparent mass is introduced above the existing structure to accommodate new programming. To maintain a strong connection with the original Bellevue and ensure a unified overall structure, this addition follows the principles of Inverse Bellevue, resulting in a volume that contrasts with yet strengthens the existing architecture.
Through this design, Bellevue becomes true to its past, and ready for its future.