In the Port of Emden, maintenance of the nautical depth is carried out by continuous re-circulation of sediment, creating a navigable fluid mud layer in the water and thereby facilitating safe navigation for ships. The sediment naturally contains organic matter, which to a certai
...
In the Port of Emden, maintenance of the nautical depth is carried out by continuous re-circulation of sediment, creating a navigable fluid mud layer in the water and thereby facilitating safe navigation for ships. The sediment naturally contains organic matter, which to a certain extent is degradable by sediment microorganisms. Depending on the availability of oxygen, the degradation process generates carbon dioxide only (aerobic conditions) or methane and carbon dioxide (anaerobic conditions). This thesis aims to quantify the production of carbon dioxide and methane from fluid mud in the Port of Emden and analyze its seasonal variability to support carbon footprinting of sediment management activities. In this thesis, an experiment was carried out to determine the carbon production of Emden samples at different temperatures. Results were used and, based on the fluid mud temperatures throughout the year, monthly carbon production was calculated. These values were adjusted for seasonal variations in organic matter availability and finally extrapolated to give the total monthly carbon production for the port. Using data from previous research, upper and lower bounds for this production were found. The findings indicate that carbon production in the Port of Emden, due to micro-organisms in the fluid mud layer, varies significantly over the year. Specifically, the generated carbon was found to differ between 243 tons in February and 958 tons in August, with the upper bound being 7.2 times greater than these values and the lower bound 1.3 times smaller. From April until October, carbon generation was found to be considerably higher than from November until March, due to higher water temperatures and likely a greater availability of organic matter. Finally, the carbon production under aerobic conditions was found to be 2.7 to 2.8 times greater than under current conditions, with similar seasonal variability. Limitations of this thesis include assumptions about uniform seasonal scaling of organic matter availability and incomplete data on fluid mud temperature variations across the year. Future research could address these limitations by gathering and incorporating more data on these parameters. Finally, future studies should focus on applying the findings of this thesis to explore strategies for reducing the carbon footprint of sediment management activities.