This paper aims to explore the visibility and impact of Buddhist temples in The Netherlands, focusing on the integration of Buddhist practices in the Dutch society. The research will analyze the transformation of the former Victor & Gezellenkerk to the Dhammakaya temple in Afferden. It delves into how this architectural and cultural shift reflects broader themes of pluralism, secularism and social integration within the Dutch society.

The research traces the evolution of Buddhism in the Netherlands, from the first written scripture about Buddhism, migration to the establishment of Buddhist temples. It highlights how the now Dhammakaya Temple preserved the church’s Christian architectural elements, reliefs, repurposing spaces, but blending them in with Buddhist elements. The transformation honors the building’s history while accommodating Buddhist (Thai) practices. The paper further investigates community responses, from resistance to acceptance, showing how consideration can foster cultural coexistence. This case study of the Dhammakaya Temple shows how religious spaces can serve as a dynamic dialogue, embodying both continuity and adaptation in the now pluralistic Dutch society.