Surgery groups are clustered surgery procedure types that share comparable characteristics (e.g. expected duration). Scheduling OR blocks leaves many options for operational surgery scheduling and this increases the variation in usage of both the OR and downstream beds. Therefore, we schedule surgery groups to reduce the options for operational scheduling, ultimately bridging the gap between tactical and operational scheduling. We propose a single step mixed integer linear programming (MILP) approach that approximates the bed and OR usage and a simulated annealing approach. Both approaches are compared on a real-life data set and results show that the MILP performs best in terms of solution quality and computation time. Furthermore, the results show that our model may improve the OR utilization from 71% to 85% and decrease the bed usage variation from 53 beds to 11 beds compared to historical data. To show the potential and robustness of our model, we discuss several variants of the model requiring minor modifications. The use of surgery groups makes it easier to implementation our model in practice and, for operational planners, it is instantly clear where to schedule different types of surgery.

It is expected that several identical Point Absorber Wave Energy Converters (PAWECs) will be arranged in arrays to form a Wave Energy Farm. One of the key challenges in designing such a WEC array is their spatial configuration, as the WECs in the farm interact hydrodynamically with each other. This study focuses on different potential PAWEC deployments to identify the best relative position in order to maximise energy output. This is done by resolving the hydrodynamic interactions between a modelled WEC point absorber, with use of open-source Boundary Element Methods (BEM) and time domain WEC simulator. The results from the numerical model are also compared with wave tank testing, to verify
the accuracy of the analysis. The simulations show that the relative position can significantly increase a WEC’s individual power output. A spatial pattern of relative positions that result in higher potential power extraction was shown, with increases up to 20% compared to a single WEC on its own. However, the computational results showed realistic results for only a select number of configurations. As for the experiment, unexpected variations in test conditions occurred, inhibiting the possibility to isolate certain events. Therefore, when cross checking results from both simulations and experiments, the identified simulated trends only partially showed adherence with the experimental data. Henceforth, the knowledge gathered from the simulations can’t conclusively be validated by the experiments conducted in this study. This study shows that the spatial configuration of two WECs influences their individual power outputs.