In order to reach the climate goals the use of fossil fuels needs to decrease and green solution need to provide the energy of the future. Wind and solar will probably supply a large fraction of our electrical power need in the future. Because of the nature of these sources the demand for electrical power will not always be balanced with the supply. Industrial companies are responsible for a large portion of the total greenhouse emissions. Some of the emissions are process related, but most are due to the demand for high temperatures in the process. Today fossil fuels like coal and gas are used to achieve these high temperatures. Hydrogen provides a solution for the problems as it can be used as a storage medium and as an energy source to achieve high temperatures. In order to provide the world with sufficient hydrogen needed for the transformation to greener solu­ tions the production of hydrogen needs to increase. Hydrogen can be made from fossil fuels, but to achieve our goals the production of green hydrogen is needed. Green hydrogen is made using green electricity and the electrolysis process. In this thesis the alkaline electrolysis process is reviewed. During the production of hydrogen using the alkaline electrolysis process, a large fraction of the electri­ cal energy is converted to thermal energy. The aim of this research is to gain insight into the possibility of extracting the thermal energy form the process so it can be used in a district heating network. Based on the thermal demand form the heating district and the power supply to the hydrogen plant four case studies are evaluated. Using a pinch analysis, a process flow diagram is designed for each case study after which every design is modelled. Using a heat pump and thermal storage the supply of thermal energy and the demand from the district heating network are balanced in order to reach a high overall efficiency. ... Read more

Every year large quantities of plastic waste accumulate in Bali’s environment. This has a negative impact on Bali’s environment, local society and its tourist driven economy. With lacking waste management facilities and local awareness plastic waste enters Bali’s rivers, through which the waste ends up in the ocean. A concept small-scale recycling business, aiming to improve local waste management and awareness, is proposed to solve the problem at the source. The goal of this research is to investigate the technological, social and financial feasibility of the concept recycling business and to find a target location. The research first aims to choose three potential locations with different social-demographics through a literature study on Bali’s regional social-demographics and the results of previous ”Pantai” Project researches. Based on this three locations are chosen: Denpasar, Canggu and Pulukan. For better understanding of the areas of interest, the crucial steps for setting up a business on Bali and its local waste management are investigated. A detailed stakeholder analysis is therefore also conducted. This is researched through participatory observation, literature study and interviews with local inhabitants, local businesses and governmental institutions. Surveys are conducted in the areas of interest to analyze how to Balinese handles their plastic waste, their mentality towards the plastic problem and their willingness to participate in the concept recycling plan. The results of the survey show enthusiasm of the local people towards the concept recycling business in the target areas. However, not all stakeholders are represented in conducted surveys, thus care must be taken when concluding the social feasibility. To investigate the technological feasibility literature study is done on plastics and different techniques in all steps of the recycling chain. Through this, feasible techniques for all steps of the recycling chain are chosen, regarding the concept recycling business. Plastic waste is to be sorted by hand and processed by easy operable machinery based on the open-source designs of Precious Plastic. A conceptual model of the small-scale recycling business is introduced for better understanding of the plastic and money streams involved in the concept recycling facility. To investigate the financial feasibility, first the plastic stream is evaluated. In each location households separated and collected all their plastic from the rest of their waste for one week to estimate the composition and quantity of their weekly plastic waste production. From this result the plastic input per location is estimated through calculations. A model is presented to evaluate financial stability of the concept recycling business. Input values for the model are the results from own waste collection measurements and the values acquired from connected parties. Calculations show, although being a rough estimate, financial feasibility. However more in-depth market study has to be performed for more detailed results. Taking everything into account it can be concluded that it is indeed feasible to start a small-scaled recycle business on Bali in Pulukan or similar areas, which is determined by a multi criteria trade-off. However close consideration of local conditions should always be taken into account. ... Read more