Adequate runway friction capacity during aircraft landing is crucial for flight safety. Accurately evaluating skid resistance under realistic service conditions remains a key challenge for maintaining flight safety. This study proposes a comprehensive skid resistance evaluation method that integrates laboratory testing with finite element simulation. A refined tire-pavement-fluid coupled model was developed, incorporating measured and series-generated worn texture data as key geometric boundary conditions in numerical analysis. The coupled effects of runway texture state, tire kinematics, and water film thickness on skid resistance were systematically investigated. Results suggest that runway macrotexture plays a vital role in maintaining skid resistance, with Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) mixtures providing superior skid resistance compared to Asphalt Concrete (AC) mixtures. As runway wear progresses, the combined influence of high speed and thick water films significantly increases the risk of hydroplaning and extends braking distance. This study highlights the significant effects of speed, water film thickness, and texture evolution on runway friction, offering theoretical guidance for material selection and safety evaluation of airport pavements.

Cracks are one of the main problems that plague road workers. A correct understanding of the internal crack propagation mechanism of asphalt pavement will help road workers evaluate the road’s working status more comprehensively and make more reasonable decisions in design, construction, and maintenance work. This paper established a three-dimensional asphalt pavement layered model using the software ABAQUS and fracture mechanics theory and the extended finite element method were used to explore the mechanical response of the pavement base layer’s preset reflective cracks. This paper investigated the influence of the modulus of each layer, vehicle load on the principal stress, shear stress, J-integral, and two stress intensity factors (K1, K2) during the pre-determined crack propagation process of the pavement base layer, and the entropy method was used to analyze the above-mentioned mechanical response. The results show that the main factor affecting the propagation of reflective cracks on asphalt pavements is the modulus of the bottom surface layer. However, from a modeling perspective, the effect of increasing load on crack growth is obvious. Therefore, in terms of technical feasibility, the prevention of reflective cracks should still be achieved by controlling the driving load and prohibiting overloading.