In the Bijlmer H-Buurt in Amsterdam, a new way of living is being developed, based on co-ownership of the property and collaboration with the neighborhood and municipality. It is called a Community Land Trust (CLT) and for the Netherlands it will be the first. The City of Amsterdam strives to be a fully circular city by 2050, so the CLT has to comply. Waste is a main topic within the circular economy, so the goal of the project is: ‘How to enable and show the residents of the CLT Bijlmer that they themselves can create value from waste and by doing so support the (local) circular economy?’. With the following criteria to evaluate the final design: Is it reducing waste locally? Does it create value or products out of the waste? Does it help the community financially or socially? The project started with reviewing the goals and challenges followed by an exploration of the context. This was sprint 0. Sprint 1 focused on exploration of opportunities and looking for directions for development. The exploration ended with multiple directions focused on: organic-, plastic-, textile- and bulk waste. Sprint 2 focused on developing these directions into initial concepts, researching about and with the community. This provided the insight that knowledge on circular opportunities was lacking. At the end of sprint 2, two concepts were selected for development. One concept focused on organic waste, with composting and a vegetable garden at its core. The second concept focused on textile waste and included a sewing atelier and recycling, upcycling and reusing textile waste locally. Sprint 3 focused on developing these concepts further and provide the community with clear steps to realise these. The current situation at the CLT community was analysed and the community was involved again. Researching the current situation provided information on operation and plans of the vegetable garden and sewing group used the CLT. These provided starting points for realizing the concepts. Also, some struggles were discovered. The vegetable garden lacked a good compost facility. Also, both initiatives had an individualistic approach. The second session with the CLT community found that both concepts were perceived valuable, but put more focus on details. Also, the lack of knowledge was highlighted again. They required more information on the process and wanted to know what specific products would result from it. Based on the feedback of sprint 3, sprint 4 was initiated. The goal was to develop specific interventions for the vegetable garden and sewing group focused on the value to the community and product. Also, a solution was developed for the lack of knowledge. So a toolbox with all the knowledge required was created. Consisting of methods to separate waste, ways to create value from waste with and providing the first steps to do so. Finally, the plans for the solutions for textile waste and organic waste were finalized. These were respectively a clothing swap closet and a compost facility with emphasis on the community.

If used alongside insecticide treated bed nets, an innovative odour baited mosquito trap with a high capture performance could contribute massively to the prevention of malaria in Africa and the eradication of the disease. This report outlines the research and design processes carried out by Henry Fairbairn, with the support of a supervisory team from consisting of members from the Technical University of Delft and Wageningen University and Research. The SolarMal Project was the first trial to investigate the impact of odour baited mosquito suction traps as a tool for vector control and malaria prevention. Results from the clinical study show that the implementation of mosquito traps across the island of Rusinga, Kenya, lead to a 30% reduction in cases of malaria and 70% reduction in the Anopheles population (Homan et al. 2016). However, further research into mosquito escape behaviour showed the Suna-Trap, used in the SolarMal Trial, had a poor capture performance with less than 4% of approach flights resulting in capture (Cribellier et al. 2018). A study by N.Tubben found that the majority users in were unable to maintain the Solar powered mosquito trapping systems after the project. To be an effective tool for prevention of malaria, it must be possible for users in Africa to sustain the working condition of the trap to continue to reduce biting and even prevent resurgence. Based on findings from this research and an iterative R&D process outlined in this report, it was possible to design an concept for an innovative mosquito trap with a high capture performance which is suitable for further lab testing and field testing. A number if concepts were tested in order to highlight how variant factor effect performance compared to the Suna-Trap. Each concept tested should include as few variables compared to the benchmark Suna-Trap to clearly conclude on how the variant effects performance. Although the testing is not thorough enough to make any scientific conclusions, there is enough data to make a conclusion as to whether incorporating the feature into a new design will increase the capture rate. High performing principals can be further tested in the future. From evaluations of the hypotheses it can be concluded that the additions of heat and moisture increase the capture rate in comparison to a standard Suna-Trap under lab conditions. The addition of hot water and a heating element above the trap canopy showed the most notable improvement compared to the BG Suna-Trap in terms of capture performance. It is thought that the additional heat and moisture in the trap prove more attractive to the target vectors increasing the number of approach flights resulting in more flights into the capture zone. Considering the context factors as well as performance factors highlighted in the research, the final design aims to provide a high performance mosquito trapping solution of which is suitable for use in Africa.

This graduation project started as a continuation of an earlier design project. The design team Bdot, a group of students from the TU Delft, made a concept design for the company Merford. After the success of the Bdot concept, Merford was inspired to continue development further to a high fidelity prototype or even production. The open workspace, or so called ‘office garden’, is becoming more popular in modern and renovated office spaces. Such office spaces do not have many walls, which offers benefits to work culture development but can also lead to a variety of problems. Research shows that acoustic hindrance is one of the biggest problems found in open workspaces (JMP, 2017). The concept developed during the JMP project provides a solution to that problem. The Pinecone as designed by the JMP group, ended with a concept design and a prototype which showed the sense of scale of the product. This graduation project will focus on three important aspects of the design. First of all, the panel will be redesigned, having a refined finish and look. Secondly, a solution for hanging the acoustic panels had to be designed. From the beginning of this graduation project, the idea came up to make panels modular, and connecting them instead of hanging them on complete rings. Thirdly, the focus was on designing a functional retraction mechanism making the prototype prove that the mechanics will work for the end product. A new design brief was made, including these three focus points. Together with the company Merford and information from the previous design report, a list of criteria was formed for guiding this project. During the exploration phase of this project, numerous resources were reviewed. This gave more information and inspiration for several solutions for each focus area. The development of these focus areas was a very iterative process. Finding solutions, then getting more information through experts, and making revisions of these solutions to find better ones happened multiple times. During this iterative process, the switch between design for end product and design for a show-model had to be made continuously. This means that during the development chapter, conclusions are drawn for both the prototype and for the end design of this project. The prototyping phase focused on getting a working prototype build. The goal of this prototype was to prove the mechanics would work, together with being a show model for Merford. The prototype will eventually hang in the showroom of Merford and will be used for business events and fairs. The final chapter elaborates on the final design of the Pinecone. Materials, production techniques and production series are spoken of in this chapter. The chapter doesn not only give the design of the ‘standard’ Pinecone, but also gives multiple opportunities and possibilities for Merford to sell more Pinecones in the near future.

When flying with an infant, parents typically choose the option to travel with their infant on their lap. This is the cheapest way for an infant to travel by plane, and is an available option for all destinations with all European airlines. However, this travel method causes discomfort for parents, as they are constantly required to hold their infant and attend to the child s needs in a tight surrounding. The Amsterdam based company, Wick Wings, has come up with an idea that could offer parents a comfortable solution for travelling with their infant by plane: a baby carrier designed specifically for use on a plane*. This concept forms the base of this graduation project for the master Integrated Product Design, with the following objective: ‘Designing, building, and testing a hands-free travel solution in the form of a baby carrier for use on a plane, during medium-haul and long-haul flights with a baby of 0-12 months old, taking into account European regulations only.’* To complete this project, a design approach was used with a strong focus on prototyping to make decisions about the embodiment of the final product. The design process started with a research phase, which included research methods such as market analysis, expert interviews, participatory research, and the studying of many online sources. This research phase was followed by intertwined ideation, conceptualisation and embodiment phases, resulting in a working prototype for a new baby carrier design for travelling by plane with an infant. The research phase showed that there are many different baby carriers available on the market that meet the specific requirements to enable ergonomically sound carrying for both parent and infant. These carriers do contain some attributes that are convenient for travelling by plane, however they also contain attributes that are inconvenient for this use context. Baby carriers are not allowed for use on a plane during all stages of a flight, and must be detached when the fasten seatbelt light is turned on. However, baby carriers are not easy detachable in the tight space available to individual passengers on a plane. Additionally, parents’ desires to alternate parental duties during a flight requires easy attaching and detaching of a baby carrier as well. The product solution that was created for the project is The Wick Carrier. The product introduces a new baby carrier system, that allows for easy attaching and detaching of the infant to the parent, both while standing and sitting. The final prototype of The Wick Carrier was tested with parents and infants to validate the design, and formulate additional design recommendations for further developing the product for introduction on the market. * Slightly adjusted to follow an embargo on the results of this graduation report.

This thesis is about the adaptation of the design of the ReSpire cooling vest for female soldiers for in a military operational context. For cooling, the principle of ventilation by air and evaporation of sweat was used to extract heat from the body. The objective of this project was to design a version of the cooling vest which would fit the female soldier and provide an effective level of cooling. In the recent past, incidents have occurred in the Defense Department where soldiers have been affected by heat stress and have suffered severe consequences, even fatalities. As a result, research has been initiated to find a way to cool soldiers during the performance of their operational tasks. It was determined that by means of a cooling vest that can be worn under the ballistic protection, the soldier can be cooled effectively and appropriately within the requirements of the equipment. With the Ministry of Defense’s intention to recruit more women into the various branches of the military, the need has come to make the cooling vest suitable for use by female military personnel. Due to physiological differences between men and women, the design had to be changed to ensure that airflow would be effectively directed across the body. This was primarily due to the difference in regional sweat distribution, as evaporation of liquid sweat is necessary to achieve the required cooling capacity. To create an appropriate fit for the shells, the physical differences between men and women were examined, as well as the body shape variation among women. Also, what and how in previous research has been determined what causes discomfort with equipment in female military personnel. In addition, a virtual anthropometric model was developed. In addition, a virtual anthropometric model was developed to determine the appropriate dimensions and shape for the shells. From these findings, a design vision has been dictated with a schedule of requirements for how the final design could fit, but also provide sufficient and effective ventilation. In the ideation phase, inspiration was drawn from the sports apparel industry how to design for shape variation and what appropriate principles would be for the ReSpire-F design. For various aspects of the shells, it has been identified what possible adjustments could be made and how these could be merged into workable solutions. These are clustered and formed into concepts, which are then weighed. Physical prototypes were made of the selected ideas, which could be tested for airflow distribution and wearing comfort. To assess wearing comfort, tests were performed on mobility and perceived discomfort, which was determined by means of the Locally Perceived Discomfort scale. From the observations and results of this test, a chest shell design has been selected that should be suitable for different female military personnel, because it takes into account the deformation of the body under pressure and encloses the shape in the circumferential direction. For further development, the design allows for optimisation of the configuration of the airducts, in order to improve the effective distribution.

Thetford needs to improve their efficiency to generate more output, make space on their full factory floor for new products and decrease their human dependency at their absorption refrigerator plant in Etten-Leur. The market becomes more competitive and that is why Thetford choose to change its strategy from customer intimacy towards product leadership. This strategy is focused on generating new revolutionary products like iNDUS. The existing product portfolio does not alter much though while the output increased the past year and is not going to decline the coming years while new products are introduced. So how is Thetford going to generate more output with less people on reduced floor space? In 2018 a feasibility study was done to explore the possibility of eliminating one big manufacturing step. The project was called ‘one-step foaming’ because the manufacturing route was designed to contain two foaming steps for isolating the fridge and could be shortened to just one foaming step. One-step foaming could fulfill the strategic needs of Thetford because of the necessary changes in the manufacturing route and design: one big foaming machine less and less assembly steps. The study was successful, but the design was not feasible for mass-production yet. A next step should be taken to further improve the manufacturing route and design. This project tended to improve one-step foaming up to a level that would increase the output by at least 20% while reducing the necessary floor space by at least 20%. The method chosen to achieve this was by applying a DFMA study on both the present product and a product of a competitor. The lessons learnt would generate a design where the value of the work of production workers would be highest. Meaning: no use of materials or handling that would not add any value to the external customer. The customer is not going to pay more for this internal manufacturing change and that is why the project should result in a cost neutral business case while also generating the same customer experience. The result is one concept, chosen from 3, that has an output increase of probably 57% with the same amount of workers, floor space reduction of 42% and cost price reduction compared to the new expected encasement of €11,83 with an investment of €250.000. These numbers are calculated only for the implementation of one-step foaming on the 140L fridge line (the beaker or N4140) and not the tabletop or the larger fridges. The assumption made is that new encasement regulation will be introduced resulting in a big change Thetford. The encasement regulation means that Thetford needs to change their cheap and light-weight cardboard encasement with heavy sheet metal encasement. When one-step foaming will be introduced on the 140L fridge line it will allow for usage of the automatic line 2nd step machine to foam other fridges as well. The next step after this project is to validate the concepts by making a prototype. The project shows a high potential for Thetford to remain competitive on both the present and new product portfolio while not needing to move to another plant. Validation makes the promises of one-step foaming more realistic. Another important lesson for Thetford from this project is to rethink their level op operational excellence. In the past efficient production and high output were not important but they are now. Thetford is already started improving by implementing automation but it could do more in the sense of DFA and active automation. There is still high potential improvement to increase the level of operational excellence for Thetford and one-step foaming shows this.

This project deals with two problems, which in combination ask for a single solution. The first problem being plastic waste accumulation in low resource areas and the second being that production and construction materials in these low-resource areas are often very expensive. When these two problems are combined, an opportunity arises to transform plastic waste into qualitative production/construction materials. This is something that is already being realised by numerous organisations all over the world, however, in the market of bottom-up recycling, multiple machine designs are available, but a plate press is still lacking. Therefore, the assignment that is set for this project is to: “Design a product for maker-spaces in low-resource areas, that can transform plastic waste into qualitative plastic plate construction material, and that can be produced locally and operated by locals.” While designing a new product for low-resource settings the challenges are to make it affordable, to design for local production to stimulate the local economy, to ensure that it can operate in the local infrastructure, to make it easy to maintain and repair with local resources and that local staff can operate it. For this project, it is most important to find an affordable and accessible solution that can be realised with minimal technologies and readily available materials, and that is adaptable to multiple different contexts and resources. Therefore the design is focussed on functionality, embodiment, and production, while topics like user interaction and implementation are only treated superficially.

The Rollor X is cardboard package that is specially designed for suits to be transported crease free. When ordering a suit online, a customer deserves to receive its suit in the best condition as possible. This is were the Rollor X comes in. Just as a standard cardboard package it is completely foldable and is made out of a single sheet of cardboard. The Rollor X is set up in 5 easy steps. First fold it open, set up the core and the rails, lay in the suit, roll it and close it up. Ready to be transported. Rolling the suit, together with the rails creating a space for the suit to lay in, enables the suit to be transported crease free. This is a patented working principle called Rollor© Technology.

Food waste is the fastest growing issue of our time. Countries in the EU discard an estimated 89 million tons of food every year. Worse, the food waste will increase to about 126 million tons in 2020 if we do not take action (European Union Committee, 2014). Moreover, most countries are burying food waste in the landfills. This manner of disposal produces methane gas because of the high water content of wasted food, and even contaminates soil and water that we are relying on to live (Osteen, C., Gottlieb, J., & Vasavada, U., 2012). As solutions from food-related organizations and the government, many public campaigns and strict regulations have been carried out to decrease food waste at the production and consumption levels for years.This graduation project started from the global interest: the reduction in food waste. Specifically, the project aims at the consumption level. The reason is that twice or three times more food waste is produced at the consumption level than at the other three stages, which are production, processing and distribution (European Court of Auditors, 2016). During this project, the five design phases were executed for six months.To investigate the reasons in-depth, this project researched and analyzed the consumer’s behaviours towards food. For this study, face-to-face interviews and Food Diary surveys were conducted based on the research questions. The user research data was analysed in several directions.Through the user research, it was apparently found that vegetables were discarded in the home every week and the situation should be improved to reduce vegetable waste. The results of the in-depth user research were interpreted in a design statement to create some design ideas. The ideas were estimated by the four criteria which are feasibility, usability, aesthetics and effectiveness, and one out of five ideas was chosen as the final design concept which names Veggie-Table. As the project completion, the concept development and evaluation were conducted. In summarize, a final design proposal was made that the product not only inspires users to cook a meal using vegetables, but also helps them to not neglect any leftover vegetables in the refrigerator. This is due to the fact that the Veggie-Table is an integrated system for vegetable storage and preparation.

This report presents the research into e-bikes for commuters and the design process of a laptop bag carrier for commuters. The project was carried out for Royal Dutch Gazelle in Dieren. The project started with the question: How to make electric bikes more attractive to commuters? In order to answer this research question a literature study, user research and market analysis was done, all focussed on the Dutch bicycle market. In order to get a good insight in the commuter's needs and wishes in depth interviews were held with e-bike owners. The main conclusion from the research phase are that in order to make the e-bike more attractive e-bikes should be more reliable, have a unique design and offer more practicality and ease of use. Under practicality and ease of use issues as charging possibilities, bringing luggage, maintenance and theft prevention are considered. Based on these conclusion a descriptive domain for the solution direction was formulated: Worry-free modern commuting. Within the domain of worry-free modern commuting the design direction was developed further. As target group young family (wo)men were chosen and as a retail strategy a lease construction was selected. Also it was decided that the design focus would be on bringing luggage. The bicycle type would be a normal e-bike and the design would be based on the Gazelle CityZen model family. Based on the formulated design direction the idea generation phase was started and along the way more design choices were made. It was for example chosen to focus on bringing your own laptop bag, which would be mounted on a luggage solution at the front or at the rear of the bicycle. After these design decisions thirteen concept ideas were generated. From these concepts two similar rear concepts were selected to be worked out in more detail. The two concepts, Horizontal bracket and the Diagonal support, both feature a construction were the laptop bag is mounted diagonally along the rear seat stay. This way the bag does not get in the way of the pedalling motion, but can still be placed very close to the centre of mass of the bike. Also it is automatically integrated in the lines of the bike, as it follows part of the bicycles frame. The two concepts were developed further using mock-ups and by modelling and sketching. Based on the second iteration in mock-ups the 'Diagonal support' concept was chosen to be worked out as the final design. The Diagonal support concept is chosen because it works well in terms of looks and position on the bike and it scores more positive on the mounting factor. The final design was further developed by use of CAD-software and resulted in the Gazelle laptop carrier. This luggage solution boosts a foldable support structure were a laptop bag can be safely mounted on the bike. By means of a elastic mounting strap the bag is securely locked in place and by means of rubber shock absorption the laptop bag is protected from road impact. The Gazelle laptop carrier will be offered as an option on a new commuter lease bike and can be leased from 2,50 euro per month.

The project brief was to redesign and improve economy class passengers’ dining experiences onboard. “Air travel has been growing as a commodity much more rapidly than it is visible. “Over the last 40 years global air travel has almost increased eightfold: In 1974 air planes carried 421 million people globally. In 2014 this number has increased to 3,21 billion passengers – that’s a billion more in just five years time.” (Schuttenhelm, 2016) Air travel is rapidly becoming easily accessible to almost everyone and everywhere in the world. Low budget carriers are also making it possible for low budget travellers to afford short / long haul trip(s) in a year. With the growing number of flights and connections, the demand and offering for onboard services is also increasing. The levels of these onboard services are different based on the seating arrangements in the air carrier. As of now there is less allowance of personalisation for economy class passengers, but it is expected for the onboard experience by 2025 to be different from what we know it today. To keep up with these growing trends, Safran, the project collaborator, as a world leader for Aviation equipment supply wants to work towards bringing continuous changes to enhance passengers’ journey experiences. To be able to understand what needs to be improved, passengers’ current problems had to be identified. The focus of this research was the younger generation (students in this case) of passengers as they are usually highly opinionated and tech savvy with a preference for personalised services. A participant research had been conducted with 15 participants from different nationalities. The research conveyed that currently passengers experience uncertainty in their onboard meal experience. They often have no information or choice on what they ate or when they ate. Moreover, they feel time pressured in their decision making between often only two options given by the crew in a short span of time. This project aims to reverse the uncertainty, the passengers feel, by providing them with information and allowing them to make choices about what they can eat and when they want to eat. The medium designed to enable passengers in making these choices can be accessed through the IFE screen. This medium / tool is a service application known as À la craft, which lets passengers to order their preferred meals (main course, salads, desserts, beverages) and choose when they wish to eat from the given time slots. In addition to this the service also offers passengers, a surprise cultural meal which is determined based on their destination. This new service may attempt to solve most of the passengers’ concerns but increases crew workload if the required technology does not support their tasks. When the passenger places an order from their seat, these orders are then sent to the galley. A screen in the galley will let the crew access the orders and it also instructs them to heat (prepare) the required number of meal items in each category of the meal course and place them in the trolley. Another screen on the trolley will help the crew in locating pax in the aisle and their order details. This service can be eventually implemented, part by part in the way of working for the cabin crew as it is a major step into improving pax’s dining experiences. This service has been tested for the target group alone, but it can be assumed that testing for all the other pax groups may bring in more changes in the pax’s requirements. The final test found that this service gives autonomy and control to those pax that need it but may give a decision paralysis to those pax that do not prefer making so many choices. Most importantly, if the service could have been tested in the real context, potential for improvement would have emerged for iterations in terms of the application operated in the aisle and supporting technology for the crew in the galley. In a brief research conducted over the crew’s concerns, it has been understood that they believe in letting economy class passengers choose their meal through the IFE as serving and repeating same information on meals to more than 15 rows of passengers is heavily exhausting. It is my assumption that this may increase the workload for the crew by a few more minutes spent in preparing the orders and also would require more coordination with each other to serve pax as per their choices but would ease their workload in the aisle. Based on the findings of this study it is recommended for Safran Group to conduct further research, test the design in the real context by involving the crew and caterers as well and further develop the design it as it has a high potential for improvement and implementation in the future.

Out of Office Workations is a Dutch startup that focuses on organizing and planning unique group experiences outside the usual work environment, called workations. This service provides a right balance between work and leisure inspired by the nomad lifestyle which combines their ability to work remotely dominated by an attractive location offering a variety of leisure activities. While Out of Office Workations primary target is the digital nomad community, this master thesis focuses on identifying different areas of opportunity for a goal-oriented retreat in new potential market segments since their ambition is to become Europe’s customer-centric, innovative and sustainable retreat solution. To achieve this ambition, Out of Office Workations must discover how to fit their offer to new market segments to create a long term sustainable growth with their workation service by stimulating a work-time-balance setting. First, to gain a holistic understanding of what is a workation and what are the factors associated with this service highly exploratory research, website content analysis, semi-structured interviews with workation providers helped clarified the context, the target audience, and the different value propositions behind the offer of workations. Next, interviews with potential clients are executed to find new market segments for Out of Office. I identified three customer profiles in these interviews, two being addressed by the competitors and one remains relatively uncharted: the consulting segment. I have chosen this customer profile as this new market segment is not being forwarded by the competitors representing a valuable opportunity for Out of Office to scale their workation to a new unexplored direction. To properly fit the workation offer to the consulting segment, ten interviews with consultants from a variety of consulting firms were scheduled to understand this customer profile. Once gaining a more detailed and structured view of the consultants’ professional and personal life, the design solution “Out of Office Professional Services” is created to meet their needs, aspirations and frustrations. The presented solution is intentionally transformed as a quotation form to integrate it into the Out of Office website. This quotation form enables consultants to know what value proposition is suitable for their needs and facilitates the construction of their own workation. Once having the answers from the quotation form, Out of Office can create a personal and tailored-made experience for them. These four value propositions have been validated with the CoFounder of Out of Office Workations, however, to verify fully the effect of them Out of Office should test them in real-life projects with the stipulated target market.

With the already happening governmental regulations(The Netherlands), an increase in consumer price of natural gas is noticeable. With COVID-19 and now the war in Ukraine energy resources are becoming increasingly expensive. 90 percent Dutch houses are heated with gas. Based on the energy consultant, gas supplies an average to 9769 kWh of energy per m3. Each house use up to 1500 m3 per year. 14654 kWh for a year on an average is needed for one household. A heat pump (HP) needs about 6513 kWh average per year depending on type house, size and season. From society we are going through a shift from gas to electricity. For a house this can be done with replacing a gas based boiler with for instance a heat pump. But it doesn’t necessarily provide people the same scale of thermal comfort. Shouldn’t we rethink the way we feel comfortable in our homes? Design opportunities that contributes to Bosch’s future vision and mission are explored. The problem at the heart of this project is defined as: To what extent can a product increase the personal thermal comfort of the user and be more energy efficient? And can therefore a personal product provide the necessary heat if the central heating temperature settings is set to 18°C? User-centered design and thermal comfort are the key methodology and research supporting this project. Both were used for exploring the relationship between users’ behaviour (personal heaters) and the influencing factors, thereby providing valuable insights for all design directions. This project is finalized with a product concept, “Ori”, a flexible Far Infrared (FIR) heater that has multi product configurations and use-cases. It applies various design criteria based on the inputs of thermal comfort research, user interviews, heating technology research, aiming and product flexibility configurations to create a personal experience for users. If the challenges are addressed, Ori could be a valuable product for Bosch’s consumer products portfolio and offer the user financial benefit and a decrease in yearly electrical energy consumption. Ori will use up to 229 kWh per year which is nearly 10 times less compared to a conventional personal heater (2148 kWh). The performance would be measurable through a simulation of a working HP, a room, a user, Ori and a Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) measurement device that address thermal comfort (ISO 7730). In addition to this concept, this project has addressed possible opportunities and requirements in the field of FIR heating, which could be used as an input for other relevant product developments within Bosch’s (thermal) comfort and well-being department.

In this project a strategic model for sustainable community development through tourism is designed. A pilot research in Ljusnarsberg, a deteriorating rural community in Sweden, is performed to develop the strategic model to come to a final concept. The result is a final strategic model based on literature research, insights from the pilot research area’s context analysis and experiences of implementing the strategic model in the pilot community. The final concept of the strategic model presents a local organization that connects its community to the ecotourism market to change the economical, socio- cultural and environmental deterioration into sustainable development. The organization facilitates active tourism development and reactive community development towards a strongly sustainable paradigm. In this paradigm all development is done within planetary boundaries. Though still highly developmental, the strategic model could turn a deteriorating rural area into a developing community that is attractive to live and sustainable for the future. Next to that can the model make rural living a more viable option, combating not only rural deterioration, but also the negative effects of urbanization.

For many people around the world, water access is a major problem and a daily struggle. Today, up to almost one billion people still lack access to safely managed drinking-water. Especially in sub-Saharan Africa this remains a major issue for many countries. With this project, Quooker wants to help people in these regions gain access to safe drinking-water and help improve the quality of life. To limit the scope, and make the project more manageable, the focal point is the urban areas of Ethiopia, and in particular Addis-Ababa. In urban areas, the concern surrounding drinking water is the degrading water quality rather than access to water. Improving the water quality is an area in which Quooker can use its expertise. In Addis-Ababa, people have access to water from a tap point outside their homes. On average, people can get water from these tap points once a week. To bridge the periods of intermittence in the water supply, people store the water in jerrycans at home. During this ‘Water-Journey’ the water quality degrades due to user interactions and poor sanitation. In the end, only 24% of the water consumed by people can be considered safe to drink. During this project, I developed a product that helps the people in Addis-Ababa treat their water at home by building on and using the expertises of Quooker. The design process focused on providing people in Addis-Ababa with an affordable, reliable and long-lasting product. To achieve this, different water treatment methods were analysed. UV-C was chosen as the preferred method due to its long lifespan and potential to innovate. Because UV-C is a novel technology in the context, this project became a feasibility study for the implementation of UV-C as a water treatment method in Addis-Ababa. The end-result is the UV-Tap (figure 1), a jerrycan cap with an integrated disinfection system. It disinfects the water with UV-C light at the same time as it dispenses it., which kills the pathogens present in the water. With the UV-Tap a household can treat up to 15.000 L of water before components need to be replaced. This equals to approximately 3.5 years of drinking water for a household of 4 people.

Kelp Blue is a company whose top priority is the well-being of the planet. Through the cultivation of giant kelp on offshore farms, they create several sustainable products, new job opportunities in regions where they are needed, enhance biodiversity in the water, and above all, sequester tons of CO2 from the air. The start-up is still in its research and development phase, but plans to be building farms on a large scale in just a few years. Despite their knowledge in engineering, the company still needs consulting on certain elements. Therefore the company invited a group of students from the Delft University of Technology to Lüderitz, Namibia for a consultancy project. The project involved creating a procedure for the company to scale up in a sustainable manner. The students decided that this complex problem should be divided into sub-problems. One workstream focused on reducing the carbon emissions during upscaling, while the other workstream focused on analyzing and improving the company’s current design and installation of the farms. Following, both parts of the project are shortly summarized: Part I: Improving the company’s current design Kelp Blue is currently in the pilot phase, in which they’re installing their first large giant kelp farms. Before, they were focusing on the complete installation, including planting the kelp on the submerged netting structure, and the review of this. For the company’s commercial phase, where they want to be able to place farms daily on a large scale, designs were still developed and analyzed. For the commercial phase, this workstream made a new design and installation method. It required an installation where buoys would need to be submerged, the structure locked in place at the desired depth, without the use of scuba divers or remote operated vehicles. Despite the fact that these requirements were challenging, an outstanding result was achieved. The main problem was divided into subproblems, and for each of those a suitable solution was created. Hopes are that the company will consider the given advice as helpful and maybe implement some parts of (or the whole) new design. Part II: Reducing carbon emissions during upscaling First, interviews and desk research were conducted to get a good idea of the challenge of sustainability. This included reading reports, speaking with employees, policy makers and experts with experience within the area. With this information, the challenge could be mapped out and the solution space became clear in terms of legislation and technical possibilities. Climate information was also requested that could later be used to run simulations. During the determination of the possible solutions, research was done on the realistic possibilities, where eventually the use of either solar or wind energy was most appropriate. After conducting a multi-criteria analysis that was put together with the management of Kelp Blue, investing in a solar plant proved to be the most appropriate solution.

This project is about digitalising the boarding process in the future context for KLM. This project has four phases: Research by explore the context and understand the stakeholders, Define the future vision and roadmap, Design a digital interface for the first horizon in the roadmap and lastly evaluation of the digital prototype. In the research phase, multiple research methods were conducted. The research phase has two parts, understanding the process and understanding the user. To get a thorough understanding of the process, internal documents reading, observation and expert interviews were conducted. After these research activities, the first list of problems was made, based on my personal perceiving. Afterwards, to understand how the stakeholders think about current process and tools, and also what is their desired future, more research was done with the three stakeholders: gate agents, managers and passengers. According to the results, the list of problems was revised adding the problems agents perceived. Besides the list of problems, a main problem was redefined for later design phase. In the second phase, a vision in five years were come up with, with three horizons step by step. The vision was designed considering all the different visions from different stakeholders and aiming at solving the main problem from research phase. Based on the vision and trends analysis, a cocreation session was conducted with four students, to generate ideas in this scope. Later, the ideas were mapped and divided into three horizons according to the importance and feasibility. The third phase started from looking deep into the first horizon in the roadmap. A design brief and a list of requirements were designed, under the context of the first horizon. Ideas were generated and finally two concepts were designed. After validating the two concepts with experts (two gate agents and a shiftleader), one concept was chosen for iteration. And iteration was made based on experts’ feedback. Later on, a high-fidelity interactive prototype was made to describe the functions and to prepare the final user test. The last phase is user test and evaluation. Five gate agents as well as two service agents were recruited randomly to the test. Due to technical limitation, participants were asked to pretend to work using the prototype and give feedback about the design. Based on the interviews and questionnaires, the data analysis was conducted. The result shows that agents rate a high score for the user experience of the new prototype. The prototype is regarded as supportive, proactive and in control in general. Based on the feedback from the user test, improvements were made to finalize the design. Moreover, the conclusions were drawn for the whole project and recommendations were provided for the company.

This graduation project starts with the goal of making a mobility hub as part of living services. In the project, the service scope of a mobility hub is a community, and the service objects are residents of that community. The concept of living services in the project is defined as the living service package which includes the rental service and a series of additional shared services, such as shared space, cleaning and maintenance. Online surveys and qualitative interviews are conducted to understand how different types of users participate in shared mobility and shared living services, as well as their needs and expectations for community-scaled shared services. The results show that tenants living in shared living communities have higher demand and expectations for shared services, thus are regarded as the target users. Moreover, it is found that there is strong association between people's community life and their participation in shared services. In addition to the physical shared facilities and space, tenants expect value-added services to help them use shared services without concerns and better manage their community life. In the design phase, DUWO community is taken as an example for designing a living service concept including mobility, to support tenants' community life. The final design, DUWO community service platform, is not limited to the functional combination of shared mobility and shared living services, but also makes up for the deficiencies of DUWO's shared services in supporting services and neighborhood interaction. The platform integrates all DUWO's living services including shared mobility, and also provides tenants with neighborhood interaction and communication services. Additionally, communitybot is provided as a community service assistant, responsible for answering users' questions and providing users with suggestions and information based on their living conditions.

This report describes the results of a thesis for PreMal BV, a start-up company that develops mosquito traps. It is the companies mission to capture anopheles mosquitoes before they can bite and contribute to reducing malaria transmission in Africa and other malaria zones around the world. To be able to achieve their goal, PreMal aims to implement high numbers of traps in the field. This project has been initiated to assist PreMal in their journey towards implementing their mosquito traps as an add-on product to the Solar Home System (SHS) market. Next to PreMal, SolarWorks! (SW) is the second party connected to this project. This is a SHS distributor that was established in The Netherlands but operates in Mozambique and Malawi, both Sub-Saharan African countries. PreMal partnered-up with SW for the promotion, sales, distribution, and support of their products. This way PreMal gained access to a wide, growing, target group of people that could benefit from their product. The challenging part of this project was to design a Product-Service-System that was able to connect the two main stakeholders in their wishes and needs while at the same time staying customer centered. To be able to design this system, desk and field research was conducted and literature was supported with field work findings to build a stable framework to build upon. During the desk research phase information was gathered about SHS, SW, the BoP customer, PAYG-payment models, and PSS. Main findings include that a PSS with a PAYG payment model would suit both the distributing company and the customer. While during field research in Malawi the key findings that arose were related to practical manners such as when people would be able to pay for a product, how they would prefer to pick-up sachets and how the promotion and sales process of the product could look like. The decisions that had to be made in the design phase were backed by arguments from the desk and field research phases. The PSS that was developed could be divided in six elements that cover the journey of the MTego mosquito trap from development through distribution and use, towards end-of-life. Key decisions were that the product will be sold mainly in a package with a SHS, that odour sachets must be picked up in the stores of SW, that PAYG services will be used to offer contract periods of up to 18 months, and that people that already own a SHS have the ability to buy the product separately with a short, 6-month PAYG-contract. This report concludes with recommendations for further research that include reducing the price of the product to reach a bigger target audience, developing a smaller and cheaper edition of the MTego for inside use, and research into the best way to create mosquito-free zones in rural communities.

FAO reported that one-third of all food produced for human consumption is thrown away (FAO, 2013). Food waste is a wicked problem that causes environmental deterioration and the socio-economic food gap. At the EU level, disposing of 89 million tons of food waste per year consumes 261 million tons of resources, equal to 170 million tons of CO2 emission (FAO, 2013). If this food is distributed and used properly, 1.3 billion tons of food waste in 2011 is estimated could feed up to 868 million people worldwide (FAO, 2011). In the Netherlands, approximately 2 million tons of food waste are produced annually, of which households as the highest contributor share 37% (Netherlands Nutrition Centre, 2019). To understand food waste prevention problems in Dutch households, the project started by conducting user research. The research concluded that forgetfulness due to low visibility, laziness to check the fridge regularly, and a messy food storage arrangement are why people discard food. People have tried to tackle those issues by displaying fruits and a few vegetables in a bowl or putting them on the kitchen counter. However, sometimes some food is still hidden at the bottom of the bowl and gets rotten before being consumed. By knowing the most discarded food by the participants, the scope of this project was narrowed down to save fruits, vegetables and food leftovers. Based on the insight from the photo diary and follow-up interview, a problem statement was formulated: "How might we minimise forgotten and overlooked food at home for people who live in the Netherlands so that as to reduce food waste at the consumer level?" After determining the design challenge, exploration to find solution ideas began. In this phase, four initial concepts came up. They were analysed, and the most promising idea for each concept was combined, resulting in a particular design concept called FooDi. FooDi is storage to display fruits and partly used vegetables usually hidden and forgotten in the fridge (e.g. half onion, half paprika or other cut vegetables). This product encourages the user to eat fruits they purchase in a daily portion and reuse the raw vegetable leftovers as soon as possible. A transparent lid is implemented to see through the cabinet and not miss any food to enhance food visibility. In addition, the quantity of food to show is limited to prevent food stacking that could lower visibility. FooDi was designed as short term storage (only for 1-2 days). However, a few possible risks were considered to slow down food deterioration. FooDi prevents quick overripening by splitting ethylene gas producers and absorbers. Moreover, a lid with natural ventilation was applied to keep the stored fruits and vegetables fresh (avoid rapid ageing). At the end of the project, the impact of using FooDi to support people in reducing food waste at home was measured. Thanks to FooDi, households' share in food waste decreased from 37% to 29%. In addition, the user could be able to save edible food worth €120 per year.