Synergy in Paradox is a proposal for a new ferry terminal in Tallinn.

The current terminal offers an underwhelming entrance; its infrastructure forms a border between the city and the coastline; and the typology shows similarities to that of a racetrack. These observations have been directly translated into objectives: A grand entrance to Tallinn; A walkable coast; and A temporary F1 track. These objectives form an apparent contradiction: A paradox.

Although, by implementing scale, sequence and system as operators for the design process, it has been possible to achieve these goals and have them reinforce each other: A synergy
Because of its large scale, an intermediary is implemented to bridge the gap between objectives, operators, and the actual design. This intermediary ensures that the project has its own character: A hexagonal transition zone between the orthogonal infrastructure and the dense city scape.

In summary, the project comprises a ferry terminal, an elevated park, and a temporary Formula 1 circuit, distinguished by a unique character achieved through the application of a hexagonal intermediary framework.

CO₂ hydrogenation to chemicals and fuels has the potential to alleviate CO₂ emissions and displace fossil resources simultaneously via consecutive RWGS and FTS reactions, also known as CO₂-FTS. As Fe-based catalysts are active and selective for both reactions, their bifunctionality requires a delicate balance between the RWGS and FTS. In this work, we investigated the thermodynamic constraints of RWGS and CO₂-FTS, the influence of CO₂ conversion on selectivity and the influence of Fe nanoparticle size within the range of 4.7 to 10.3 nm. An inert carbon support was selected to rule out metal-support interaction and promoting effects of the support. Catalytic performance was evaluated at 300 °C, 11 bar, H₂/CO₂/Ar = 3/1/1, 600 to 72000 mL·g_cat^-1·h^-1. At a CO₂ conversion level below RWGS equilibrium conversion of 23 %, RWGS was found to be the primary and dominant reaction. No primary Sabatier reaction was observed. At higher CO₂ conversion till the CO₂-FTS threshold of 42 %, the secondary FTS reaction became dominant. Notably, a non-linear relation between CO₂ conversion and CO selectivity was discovered. Comparing two catalysts with identical 5 wt% Fe loading but different average Fe nanoparticle size (6.6 and 8.4 nm), the 8.4 nm Fe catalyst was at least two times more active than the 6.6 nm Fe catalyst. In situ Mössbauer spectroscopy suggested a positive correlation between particle size, carburization and selectivity towards long-chain hydrocarbons. For these potassium-promoted carbon-supported Fe-based catalysts, nanoparticles of at least 8 nm are required for the formation of Fe carbides and improved reactivity.