In a future not so far away,2050, we envisioned a part of the city freed from infrastructural barriers; a future in which railways will travel underground, with less crowed places and better connections, especially at the two shores of the IJ, or where the station is located, whose location marks a clear border between the city and river. Forgetting that there is another part of the city after that.

The main purpose of the project is to provide a physical connection to the area next Centraal Station. As today the only way to cross the IJ River is through the ferry. This results in an inefficient connection.

The secondary, is to host some activities within the bridge structure.

A mixed program that reflects the two different identities at the shores of the IJ, busier, more global on central station, therefore a visitor center with exposition spaces and other amenities, a library on the north side, to expand and enhance the cultural activities on the north side. Therefore, the project also wants to highlight the different characters of the two areas concerned. ... Read more

People share a deep-seated need for a 'sense of home'. It is an intangible, psychological and sociological need that is projected on, and connected to the Built Environment (Rennels & Purnell, 2017; Dovey, 1985). Many people in western societies meet their 'sense of home' through traditional housing. Yet, there is a small marginalized group of homeless people whom are unable to do so. Many suffer from severe physical and mental health diseases, which makes it even more challenging to maintain a stable life. Dutch policymakers provide shelters to assist those in need, but these accommodations do not positively affect the well-being of the homeless. In addition, many shelters fail to facilitate the wish of homeless people of dying in the shelter (Klop et al., 2018).

Therefore, the aim of this research is to redefine shelter design so to improve the mental well-being of homeless people. This, by learning lessons from psycho-supportive design approaches in the healthcare environment. Hence, the main question in this research is: ‘Which architectural elements in the care environment have a positive effect on the (mental) well-being of homeless (terminal) people with chronic mental health problems?’.
The above question is answered by means of literature studies, case study analysis and fieldwork. From the results, several spatial-design components have been extracted and categorized into problems and solutions concerning the theoretical themes of: stigma; security; sensorial stimulation and environmental experience.

The results showed that privacy, daylight entrance, access to nature and social integration are the four main elements that positively improve one’s (mental or physical) well-being. Additional spatial-design components have been summarized into four conclusive Evidence-Based-Design guidelines and crucial design factors which may be applied on both urban and building scale. When all four guidelines are considered in the architectural design of shelters, the best mental health outcomes are achieved.
As the issue of homelessness is not yet solved and the number of people with complex care needs increase, the Netherlands is in desperate need of more assisted and affordable housing. With this research architects, urban planners and developers are encouraged to enter the discourse of homelessness. Moreover, they are stimulated to use the Evidence-Based Toolkit into the design process of new homeless shelters. ... Read more

The municipality of Amsterdam has come forth with a request for architecture students of the Technical University of Delft within the studio of Complex Projects to investigate the future challenges of Amsterdam through scenario-research and hence come up with proposed spatial and/or architectural configurations for the year 2050. This all with the objective to develop a sustainable city. This project answers this question on an integrative level tackling multiple seemingly conflicting developments within the urban realm of Amsterdam Zuid-Oost; the energy-transition, urbanization and water-protection. Since Amsterdam is facing an increasing urbanization, the directly related resulting increase of hardened area and waste-water will require an increase of water storage and hence an intelligent water network in order to tackle the simultaneously increasing flood risk caused by multiple factors such as climate change and soil subsidence. Simultaneously, an increasing demand for energy storage as a result of a transition towards renewable energy sources (since renewable energy sources imply an imbalance between the energy demand and the energy generation) require flood-proof energy-batteries. Since water and its energy storage capacity has currently been introduced by multiple scientific sources as a sustainable (flood-proof etc.) alternative for the ion-based battery the idea of integrating a water-battery within the urban fabric where water storage will be highly needed has hence been introduced as an answer to the problem in this report. Hence, allowing water to flow through the highly urbanized urban fabric of Amsterdam Zuid-Oost in 2050 and using both its kinetic and chemical energy capacity (salinized ground-water; blue energy) to store energy. The height difference caused by the introduction of an elevated park near the area around Bullewijk station could hence be used in order for the water to flow down and extract its gravitational energy. The resulting architectural composition which incorporates a water-battery system, sport-, cultural- and educational facilities hence embodies a calming atmosphere in a vibrant city allowing currently segregated socio-economic groups to meet and hence inspire one another. ... Read more

Eenzaamheid onder jongeren is een maatschappelijk probleem, met name in de grote steden. In de deelgemeente Feijenoord, Rotterdam, gaf in 2012 zelfs 57% aan zich matig tot zeer eenzaam te voelen. Dit is de aanleiding voor het
onderzoek naar sociale interactie in de (semi) openbare ruimte. Ten grondslag aan dit onderzoek ligt het idee dat het ontwerp van de ruimte sociale interactie kan beïnvloeden, dit wordt met behulp van literatuur gegrond. In het onderzoek zal er een overzicht worden gegeven van de gemeenschap van jongeren, wat voor plekken zij bezoeken en wat voor gedrag ze vertonen. Daarna is er een verband gelegd tussen sociaal-ruimtelijke parameters en sociale interactie, daarbij is voornamelijk gekeken naar aspecten die met het openbaar karakter van de ruimte te maken hebben. De keuze voor het openbaar karakter is gemaakt omdat de hypothese is dat de kans op sociale interactie juist in de overgang tussen openbaar en privé groot is. De resultaten zijn behaald door middel van observaties in de wijk en enquêtes onder de jongeren, de aspecten die hierbij zijn gemeten komen voort uit literatuuronderzoek naar het openbaar karakter. Uit het onderzoek blijkt dat de voornaamste reden voor jongeren om samen te komen, het samenkomen zelf is. Hierbij is van belang dat het een plek is zonder al te veel sociale controle. Verder hebben sportvelden, horeca, winkels en openbaar vervoer een bepaalde aantrekkingskracht op jongeren. Uit de sociaalruimtelijke analyse blijkt dat de meeste sociale interactie plaatsvindt op het moment dat de openbare ruimte een semi openbaar karakter krijgt. De belangrijkste aspecten zijn toegankelijkheid en publiciteit: jongeren eigenen graag een ruimte toe eigenen en/of ze kiezen voor een ruimte met een besloten karakter waar ze de mensen ook kennen. ... Read more

As a part of the Complex Projects Graduation Studio this project is set in 2100 Amsterdam and part of a collective research and design effort to look forward in architecture and urbanism. Due to technological advancements, automation and the advent of the circular economy, it may be advantageous to locate a recycling and sorting facility inside the city centre of Amsterdam to ease congestion and reduce the amount of storage capacity required for households and businesses. The central research question of this master thesis is: How will waste treatment be incorporated into the urban fabric of the city centre of Amsterdam in 2100? Subsequently, the design question is: How can the confrontation and interaction between human society and the automated infrastructure that supports it be designed? The results hint at a new type of architecture, expressive in its form and functionalism yet adapted to its urban context. The public is taught about the circular economy by attracting them with futuristic playgrounds, sporting facilities and iconic architectural elements and confronting them with waste processes. Take a look at the P5 presentation and the poster/drawing set to find out more. ... Read more

In contemporary society, a large part of the housing stock for people with autism focuses on living with house mates and in-house support (Berger et al., 2005). It seems, through several extensive questionnaires, that 65% of those individuals seek another housing situation, namely independent housing of some sort (Begeer et al., 2013). Design of these types of apartments should be done with great care, since individuals with autism can suffer extensively from ill-designed surroundings (Schrameijer, 2013; Alexa, 2017). Nowadays, most housing that is available, still feels very institution-like and is scarely furnished. For this research, the following main question will serve as guidance: Which architectural elements can increase the well-being of people with autism within their home environment? The research focuses on three elements: literature study, typological research, and questionnaires/interviews with residents and personal tutors. The results deriverd from this research, are divided in problems and solutions, which then are further categorised in themes: sensory, social, and spatial. As a conclusion, I have strived towards creating conclusive guidelines for design. I have applied these design principles in my graduation project which contains a new modern little courtyard, as well as the transformation of an old school building. In these designs, I aim to show how the principles can be applied in several ways: more rigorously in the new development, while being more restrained and subtle in the transformation project. Firstly, sound appears to be the most disturbing factor in housing situations: this notion kept reoccuring in the research. Other annoyances were: glare and reflection of sunlight; abundance of darkness during the night; an unlogical routine space; lack of personal space; feelings of unsafety; forced social interaction; problems with wayfinding; lack of personalisation opportunities. To solve these problems, several solutions have come up during the research. These solutions have been summarised with addition of design suggestions, including: application of a high amount of sound insulation materials; use of matte finishes; providing a spatial layout that supports (and creates expectations for) routine; design fully equipped houses with addition of common rooms in the building; allow for social interaction, both planned as well as accidential; create opportunities for personalisation; design transitions thoughtfully. These research elements have resulted in the design of a modern Dutch little courtyard (e.g. 'hofje'), where the design has been adapted to the residents through all scales: from urban to interior level. ... Read more

Image Revealed, Extracted, Mounted, Expressed (2019) forms the culmination of an inquiry into the ways in which artistic methods of working can be used in the process of architectonic design. This project derives from a search for authentically representing the past in the architectonic object. Specifically, this project explores ways of producing an architectonic object which seeks to connect with the individual or collective memory from the ‘spectator’ through contemplative and personal experience. The aim of this project is to devise a method for interpreting the immediate context of a building in the most authentic way possible. A suitable assignment presents itself in the city of ‘s-Hertogenbosch on the ruins of a recently collapsed building on the central square within the city center. Sited within a prominent but historically laden location, the project seems to be in the perfect location to design an architectonic object which is neither ‘modern’, nor nostalgic but makes the authentic past of the city explicit through the physical and sensual appearance of the object itself. ... Read more

he way traditional culture prevalence is very inefficient with Cuba traditional libraries. Their common carrier of traditional culture has low accessibility to public. The traditional culture prevalence is in danger. Media Technology has advantage of accessibility to public. It's not just threat to local culture. It is opportunity to promote the traditional culture prevalence. ... Read more

The population of the Netherlands is ageing. The number of people above 65 is expected to grow from 3.1 million in 2017 to 4.8 million in 2040. The increasing ageing population results in more elderly in need of care and a lower percentage of young people able to provide formal care. The classical welfare state seems to gradually change to a ‘participatiesamenleving’, a society in which people initially take the responsibility for themselves. Elderly live independently as long as possible instead of living in an intramural setting. When they are not able to take care of themselves, they can appeal to their social network for more support. Formal care will be additional to the informal care. The participation of the social network is therefore important, not only to handle the shortage of formal care, but also to give people the possibility to live their own, trusted life. The research provides insight into the importance of the relationship between architecture and the provision of informal care to elderly in need of care, which is an increasingly important issue. Architectural tools that fulfil the needs of the informal caregivers can be used by architects while designing environments that stimulate informal care provided by people of the social network of elderly in need of care.
'Het Verticale Hof' is an example of such and environment. It is a housing project with public functions on the ground floor. It is an environment for residents, informal caregivers, the community and professional caregivers and will stimulate informal care. ... Read more

Being ill, treatment at health centres causes anxiety and stress with children. This has a negative effect on their wellbeing, healing process and more important, their cognitive, motoric and social development. The goal of this thesis is to describe a set of generic properties for the built environment to reduce this negative effect by stimulating the imagination of children, aged 3 to 6 years. The generic properties are derived from the analyses of spatial elements, present during activities, in which the imagination is active: playing and perceiving art. Through play they develop their motoric, social and cognitive skills, including their imagination. In addition, not all children in healthcare institutions are able to play, therefore also perceiving art is studied. Through observations at different play areas and the (spatial) analyses of these areas, playgrounds (designed by Aldo van Eyck), fantasy worlds of children and different artworks a set of properties is determined; a place which stimulates the imagination must be created by the composition of different elements. In this composition their scale, number, variety and interrelationship are taken into account. Each of these elements can be described by their properties: height & planar differences, contrast, whether they can exists of loose materials, can be manipulated or that they support enclosure. The composition of these elements and the abstraction of their shape creates a framework of information. Certain aspects are visible and other aren’t. This results in the stimulation of the imagination. These results are translated into a design tool and forms the starting point for the design of a treatment and prevention centre for obese or overweight children. Obesity is a problem which has increased the past few years and probably will become bigger. This centre is located in Zuidwijk, Rotterdam. The percentage of children with obesity is higher in this area than in other parts of Rotterdam or The Netherlands. This centre exists of a treatment centre, sport centre and restaurant. The centre doesn’t only focus on the treatment of children, but also on the prevention and the promotion of a healthy life style of the children, their families and the neighbourhood ... Read more

Problem statement - We are currently living in an individualized western society, connected virtually but disconnected physically with one another. Communication technology is one of the main causes of loneliness which has serious health consequences. There is a decline in public life in the city due to the rise of the internet. We are in need of more open societies where social and cultural exchange can take place. There will be a need for these places in Amsterdam that will simultaneously create communities where people socially interact with one another. Social media is currently the biggest online community and could provide a large contribution to their own market position and social entertainment by creating a physical space where this can occur in the city.
Research Question- How can social media contribute to providing a physical space for people to connect and spend their free time in the future?
Ambition- Taking people out of the virtual world to experience the physical world where they connect with oneself and others. Contributing to the development of high quality recreational destinations in the city center of Amsterdam. Strategy design of the Facebook Hall: symbol and test ground for future social media venues. ... Read more

Towards 2030, the amount of single households of 65 years and older will double to 40 percent. Due to changes in the political environment elderly can only move to a nursing home if the demand of care is high enough. Consequently, there will be a bigger group of elderly that needs to live longer independently in their urban neighborhood. In the current urban structure, there is still a lot to improve and develop to make the neighborhood a place for all generations, where people can live their whole life. As the physical range of activities and social network of elderly are becoming smaller over the years, they often experience feelings of loneliness. They will become more dependent on the availability of informal care in their near social network. The stimulation of contact with other people and especially other generations could increase the social network of the elderly. This leads to the main question of this research; what architectonic elements enhance contact among elderly and between elderly and other generations in an neighborhood in the city of Rotterdam?

The design assignment comes forward out of the result of the research of the (changing) needs of ‘city-elderly’ and the research of the elements that enhance contact within the neighborhood. The design can be seen as a case study in which a new perspective on the typology of independent elderly living is given, in combination with a program and functions that can enhance contact between generations. The design consists of a cluster of buildings within the existing city structure with a combination of living for the elderly, welfare, care and neighborhood functions.
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Ontwerpen voor tuberculose.Hoe de architect invloed uitoefende op de omgeving van de patiënt en de verzorger in het sanatorium. ... Read more

The Zuidoost district is divided in mono-functional zones, such as housing in the Bijlmer and Holendrecht area and working in the Amstel III area. The Upcycling Centre Zuidoost will connect both sides in the future of 2050 in a physical, social and economic way. This is done by creating a building that becomes the driver of the circular economy. It is a place where waste is transported to and sorted, whereafter start-ups will upcycle the waste into new products. The start-ups will create new sustainable jobs to fight the high unemployment rate in Zuidoost and generate new local economic value. Program such as a market, shops and a restaurant will form an attractive and easily approachable building and creates social inclusion and interaction between all the different users. ... Read more

Citizens in 2050 will face a scala of mental health problems. Future unemployment caused by automation of jobs will evoke the lack of feeling a purpose or feeling useful for society. This will especially be the case for the lower-educated and less wealthy part of the population. Living in a city that will get denser and denser, the population needs to be presented with an environment that will stimulate them to come up with new strategies to
adapt themselves to an exponentially developing society.
My graduation project has tried to adress these issues by researching the possible positive effects of the environment on mental health. In my opinion, architects and urban planners need to take responsibility in designing
restorative and healing environments. This is the case for houses and offices but not any less for public spaces and the overall urban environment. Especially for an era in which people will have more free time to spend. In stead of spending the largest part of their days in an office, they will spend more time in the
public realm.
By setting up a basic set of rules based on literature, neuro-scientific and typological research on scale, material, colours and light, architects and urbanist could implement brain restorative environments in the people’s daily life and try to help reduce serious stress-related problems. ... Read more

This research project focuses on the recognition that the surrounding environment affects people’s health and well-being. Bridging architecture and neuroscience, it is possible to demonstrate how space in its broad meaning affects biologically and psychologically humans; therefore this thesis investigates the application of findings from scientific research about environmental psychology and neuroscience applied to architecture, on a design which aims to the creation of a place able to enhance mental well-being.

The result is a project that focuses on the regeneration of the abandoned psychiatric hospital San Salvi (Florence, Italy), aiming to its integration in the urban flows and urban consciousness, through the planning of new functions and the design of outdoor spaces, rooted in the past of the location, and in the findings from the literature study about human’s response to the built environment.
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Transportation hub in 2050 in the suburban area of Amsterdam. The design integrates efficiency of transportation with the slow public life of the locals ... Read more

By investigating the High Speed Railway in Hong Kong , (HKXRL), the device described by Steve Graham as a "Glocal Bypass", this project aimed to use the nostagic local elements to reimagine the possibility of "sharing" Highspeed tunnel as an infrastructural connection to revitalise HK Industry - with the support of the global supply of electronic waste. ... Read more