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J.M. Schilder
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1
Student report
(2025)
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R.L.A. de Veen, P.D. Ramondt, D.A. Buis, G.C.A. Jansen, M.J. Verwijs, J.M. Schilder, Pablo Arecco, J.F.J. Pruyn, M. Leijten, M. van Koningsveld, P. Taneja
This report presents a conceptual masterplan for a green ammonia export terminal at Punta Quilla, integrating renewable power generation, ammonia synthesis, storage, and maritime logistics. The project responds to Argentina’s ambition to develop new export industries based on renewable resources while creating local economic opportunities in a remote and underdeveloped region. While Argentina’s Santa Cruz region holds world-class wind energy potential, it lacks large-scale infrastructure to connect these to global markets. The goal of this research is to determine whether, and under what conditions, the Santa Cruz region can harness its exceptional renewable energy potential to develop a technically, financially, and institutionally viable green ammonia export hub in estuary Rio Santa Cruz region that creates both national value and local socio-economic opportunities. A systems-of-systems approach, integrating environmental, social, institutional, and technical perspectives, was applied. Using the context analysis and the requirements analysis, a morphological chart was created. Two alternatives arose from the morphological chart: a Greenfield jetty in the Port of Punta Quilla and an Offshore Monobuoy System offshore outside of the estuary. A multi-criteria analysis (MCA) was used to evaluate these two terminal layout alternatives, assessing their safety, cost, scalability, and environmental performance. Stakeholder interviews with local authorities, landowners, and port officials informed the governance and social impact considerations. A jetty-based terminal emerged as the preferred option over a monobuoy due to its stronger long-term perspective. Although the monobuoy offers lower CAPEX and easier integration with the Port Authorities, the greenfield jetty solution scores higher on all other criteria: productivity rate, scalability, constructability, robustness, flexibility, and environmental footprint. The proposed layout includes two storage tanks linked by insulated pipelines to the head of the jetty, enabling safe and continuous loading operations. Prefabrication of key elements, such as jetty modules, pipe racks, and tank sections. This can further reduce local labor demands, reduce initial capital expenses and accelerate delivery. However, successful implementation depends not only on engineering choices but also on social and institutional readiness. Santa Cruz faces constraints in housing, healthcare, education, and skilled labor. Without parallel investment in these sectors, the project risks over-reliance on imported contractors, raising costs and weakening local ownership. Therefore, active engagement with authorities, unions, and landowners is critical to building legitimacy, while clear governance and risk management are needed to attract investors and maintain confidence. The study concludes that a green ammonia export terminal at the Port of Punta Quilla is technically feasible but economically sensitive to production costs, market prices, and institutional capacity. While Argentina’s ex- ceptional wind resources provide a strong natural advantage, long-term competitiveness will depend on stable policy frameworks, infrastructure development, and coordinated governance between public and private actors. If these enabling conditions are met, the project can anchor Santa Cruz as a key player in Argentina’s renewable export economy. The selected jetty configuration offers a robust and scalable foundation for phased development, integrates well with existing port infrastructure and minimizes environmental risks. Beyond its technical merits, the terminal could catalyze socio-economic growth by creating employment, stimulating local supply chains, and strengthening regional institutions. Ultimately, the Punta Quilla project can become a cornerstone of both industrial and social development, transforming Patagonia’s renewable potential into lasting economic value and positioning Santa Cruz as a pioneering region in Argentina’s green hydrogen and ammonia transition.F
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This report presents a conceptual masterplan for a green ammonia export terminal at Punta Quilla, integrating renewable power generation, ammonia synthesis, storage, and maritime logistics. The project responds to Argentina’s ambition to develop new export industries based on renewable resources while creating local economic opportunities in a remote and underdeveloped region. While Argentina’s Santa Cruz region holds world-class wind energy potential, it lacks large-scale infrastructure to connect these to global markets. The goal of this research is to determine whether, and under what conditions, the Santa Cruz region can harness its exceptional renewable energy potential to develop a technically, financially, and institutionally viable green ammonia export hub in estuary Rio Santa Cruz region that creates both national value and local socio-economic opportunities. A systems-of-systems approach, integrating environmental, social, institutional, and technical perspectives, was applied. Using the context analysis and the requirements analysis, a morphological chart was created. Two alternatives arose from the morphological chart: a Greenfield jetty in the Port of Punta Quilla and an Offshore Monobuoy System offshore outside of the estuary. A multi-criteria analysis (MCA) was used to evaluate these two terminal layout alternatives, assessing their safety, cost, scalability, and environmental performance. Stakeholder interviews with local authorities, landowners, and port officials informed the governance and social impact considerations. A jetty-based terminal emerged as the preferred option over a monobuoy due to its stronger long-term perspective. Although the monobuoy offers lower CAPEX and easier integration with the Port Authorities, the greenfield jetty solution scores higher on all other criteria: productivity rate, scalability, constructability, robustness, flexibility, and environmental footprint. The proposed layout includes two storage tanks linked by insulated pipelines to the head of the jetty, enabling safe and continuous loading operations. Prefabrication of key elements, such as jetty modules, pipe racks, and tank sections. This can further reduce local labor demands, reduce initial capital expenses and accelerate delivery. However, successful implementation depends not only on engineering choices but also on social and institutional readiness. Santa Cruz faces constraints in housing, healthcare, education, and skilled labor. Without parallel investment in these sectors, the project risks over-reliance on imported contractors, raising costs and weakening local ownership. Therefore, active engagement with authorities, unions, and landowners is critical to building legitimacy, while clear governance and risk management are needed to attract investors and maintain confidence. The study concludes that a green ammonia export terminal at the Port of Punta Quilla is technically feasible but economically sensitive to production costs, market prices, and institutional capacity. While Argentina’s ex- ceptional wind resources provide a strong natural advantage, long-term competitiveness will depend on stable policy frameworks, infrastructure development, and coordinated governance between public and private actors. If these enabling conditions are met, the project can anchor Santa Cruz as a key player in Argentina’s renewable export economy. The selected jetty configuration offers a robust and scalable foundation for phased development, integrates well with existing port infrastructure and minimizes environmental risks. Beyond its technical merits, the terminal could catalyze socio-economic growth by creating employment, stimulating local supply chains, and strengthening regional institutions. Ultimately, the Punta Quilla project can become a cornerstone of both industrial and social development, transforming Patagonia’s renewable potential into lasting economic value and positioning Santa Cruz as a pioneering region in Argentina’s green hydrogen and ammonia transition.F
Journal article
(2020)
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L. N.M. Tissen, K. Seymour, S. Dubbeldam, S. Hardardottir, I. Jerdonekova, C. Molenaar, J. Schilder, W. S. Elkhuizen
Various imaging techniques are used to visualise issues regarding a painting’s appearance before, during and after conservation treatments, i.e. visible light photography (VIS) raking light photography (RAK), ultraviolet fluorescence photography (UVF) and reflectance transformation imaging (RTI). However, these techniques cannot always visualise and/or quantify conservation issues. This paper presents a new approach: colour, gloss, topography imaging (CGT). CGT’s applicability as a non-invasive tool for evaluating and documenting conservation treatments in comparison to VIS, UVF, RAK and RTI is discussed. Applying this to case studies with different conservation dilemmas illustrates the technique’s potential and drawbacks. CGT can visualise issues such as gloss variations, resulting from (previous) cleaning tests, (partial) varnish removal, and possibly dirt and material degradation. Furthermore, CGT can elucidate topographical issues such as bulging, and losses, and also visualise high-frequency surface variations (e.g. canvas weave and crack pattern). This results in an improvement of documenting a painting’s condition, and the evaluation of treatments and their effects on the visual appearance may be quantified. In conclusion, this research shows that CGT is able to better visualise texture, gloss and colour information than existing techniques like technical photography, facilitating a more precise documentation and localisation of previous and current conservation treatments.
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Various imaging techniques are used to visualise issues regarding a painting’s appearance before, during and after conservation treatments, i.e. visible light photography (VIS) raking light photography (RAK), ultraviolet fluorescence photography (UVF) and reflectance transformation imaging (RTI). However, these techniques cannot always visualise and/or quantify conservation issues. This paper presents a new approach: colour, gloss, topography imaging (CGT). CGT’s applicability as a non-invasive tool for evaluating and documenting conservation treatments in comparison to VIS, UVF, RAK and RTI is discussed. Applying this to case studies with different conservation dilemmas illustrates the technique’s potential and drawbacks. CGT can visualise issues such as gloss variations, resulting from (previous) cleaning tests, (partial) varnish removal, and possibly dirt and material degradation. Furthermore, CGT can elucidate topographical issues such as bulging, and losses, and also visualise high-frequency surface variations (e.g. canvas weave and crack pattern). This results in an improvement of documenting a painting’s condition, and the evaluation of treatments and their effects on the visual appearance may be quantified. In conclusion, this research shows that CGT is able to better visualise texture, gloss and colour information than existing techniques like technical photography, facilitating a more precise documentation and localisation of previous and current conservation treatments.