This report examines the long-term comfort of seating supports in Level 3 and Level 4 automated vehicles, addressing the challenges and opportunities of autonomous mobility. It evaluates how the transition from active driving to passive passenger roles necessitates a redefinition of comfort standards. The study assesses comfort and discomfort across four seating configurations at Levels 3 and 4 automations, combining subjective feedback with objective measures such as IMU sensors, skeleton tracking, thermal imaging, and physiological data. Subjective measurements capture participant feedback on comfort and discomfort during extended use of different seating configurations. Questionnaires and interviews examine factors such as fatigue, local postural discomfort, and thermal comfort. Objective findings identify key factors influencing comfort and discomfort, including passenger movement, seat pan angles, headrest adjustability, and backrest shape. Combining subjective and objective measurements, the report provides actionable recommendations to address the identified issues, emphasising design improvements aimed at enhancing user experience in automated vehicle environments.

Human Machine Interface (HMI) is a design concept that improves the interaction between the driver and the automated vehicle, which leads to greater safety and comfort for the driver and greater safety for the road user. Therefore, many papers and patents are published every year. Many papers use different methodologies and materials due to some limitations. Finding an insight about the development of HMI in automated driving could be tough. An overview, such as a systematic review, could be used to create this insight. This paper provides a detailed systematic review, which contains 340 analysed papers and distinguishes them over 20 different categories. Results show an increasing interest in HMI for automated driving systems that reflects the common interest of the general population, an increasing interest of some levels of automation and the use of certain methodologies and materials. Lastly, several insights, caveats, and future implications are discussed.